Cupp Eddie W, Duke Brian O, Mackenzie Charles D, Guzmán Jose Rumbea, Vieira Juan Carlos, Mendez-Galvan Jorge, Castro Julio, Richards Frank, Sauerbrey Mauricio, Dominguez Alfredo, Eversole Rob R, Cupp Mary S
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5413, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004 Nov;71(5):602-7.
The objective of this study was to examine nodules from Mexico, Guatemala, and Ecuador collected over a one-year period (2001) to determine the effects of semi-annual ivermectin treatments on Onchocerca volvulus macrofilarial populations. Nodules were sectioned, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and histologic findings were compared between countries and with historical data prior to the introduction of ivermectin into the region. Nodules from Ecuador had 10 times more dead or moribund worms than the historical control (66.6% versus 6.5%); nodules from patients from Mexico and Guatemala did not differ from the control. More than 80% of the female worms in each country were uninseminated and producing unfertilized oocytes. Nodules containing males differed in each country from the historical control (P < 0.0001), with presence of males ranging from 19.7% in Mexico to 13.6% in Ecuador versus 73% in the control. Nodules with females producing active microfilariae ranged from 7.8% (Mexico) to 2.7% (Ecuador) versus 60% in the historical control (P < 0.0001). Nodules from Ecuador and Mexico were significantly smaller in size than those from Guatemala or historical controls (P < 0.0005). These results depict a deteriorating condition of adult O. volvulus populations in Mexico, Guatemala and Ecuador, indicating that semi-annual ivermectin treatment of >/=6 years has had a profound effect on survival and reproduction of this species.
本研究的目的是检查在一年时间（2001年）内从墨西哥、危地马拉和厄瓜多尔采集的结节，以确定每半年一次的伊维菌素治疗对盘尾丝虫成虫种群的影响。将结节切片，用苏木精和伊红染色，并比较各国之间的组织学发现以及与伊维菌素引入该地区之前的历史数据。厄瓜多尔的结节中死亡或濒死的蠕虫数量是历史对照组的10倍（66.6%对6.5%）；来自墨西哥和危地马拉患者的结节与对照组无差异。每个国家超过80%的雌虫未受精且产生未受精卵母细胞。每个国家含有雄虫的结节与历史对照组不同（P<0.0001），雄虫的存在率在墨西哥为19.7%，在厄瓜多尔为13.6%，而在对照组中为73%。产生活跃微丝蚴的雌虫结节在墨西哥为7.8%，在厄瓜多尔为2.7%，而在历史对照组中为60%（P<0.0001）。来自厄瓜多尔和墨西哥的结节尺寸明显小于来自危地马拉的结节或历史对照组（P<0.0005）。这些结果表明墨西哥、危地马拉和厄瓜多尔的盘尾丝虫成虫种群状况正在恶化，表明每半年一次、持续≥6年的伊维菌素治疗对该物种的生存和繁殖产生了深远影响。
