Huntington Henry, Callaghan Terry, Fox Shari, Krupnik Igor
Ambio. 2004 Nov;Spec No 13:18-23.
Recent environmental changes are having, and are expected to continue to have, significant impacts in the Arctic as elsewhere in the world. Detecting those changes and determining the mechanisms that cause them are far from trivial problems. The use of multiple methods of observation can increase confidence in individual observations, broaden the scope of information available about environmental change, and contribute to insights concerning mechanisms of change. In this paper, we examine the ways that using traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) together with scientific observations can achieve these objectives. A review of TEK observations in comparison with scientific observations demonstrates the promise of this approach, while also revealing several challenges to putting it into practice on a large scale. Further efforts are suggested, particularly in undertaking collaborative projects designed to produce parallel observations that can be readily compared and analyzed in greater detail than is possible in an opportunistic sample.
近期的环境变化正在对北极地区产生重大影响，而且预计将继续产生影响，就像在世界其他地区一样。检测这些变化并确定其成因绝非易事。使用多种观测方法可以增强对单个观测结果的信心，拓宽有关环境变化的可用信息范围，并有助于深入了解变化机制。在本文中，我们探讨了将传统生态知识（TEK）与科学观测结合使用以实现这些目标的方法。将TEK观测结果与科学观测结果进行比较的综述显示了这种方法的前景，同时也揭示了在大规模实施该方法时面临的一些挑战。建议进一步努力，特别是开展合作项目，以产生可随时进行比较且比机会样本更能详细分析的平行观测结果。
