David H P
Transnational Family Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20817.
Stud Fam Plann. 1992 Jan-Feb;23(1):1-22.
This article grew out of a keynote address prepared for the conference, "From Abortion to Contraception: Public Health Approaches to Reducing Unwanted Pregnancy and Abortion Through Improved Family Planning Services," held in Tbilisi, Georgia, USSR in October 1990. The article reviews the legal, religious, and medical situation of induced abortion in Europe in historical perspective, and considers access to abortion services, attitudes of health professionals, abortion incidence, morbidity and mortality, the new antiprogestins, the characteristics of abortion seekers, late abortions, postabortion psychological reactions, effects of denied abortion, and repeat abortion. Special attention is focused on the changes occurring in Romania, Albania, and the former Soviet Union, plus the effects of the new conservatism elsewhere in the formerly socialist countries of central and eastern Europe, particularly Poland. Abortion is a social reality that can no more be legislated out of existence than the controversy surrounding it can be stilled. No matter how effective family planning services and practices become, there will always be a need for access to safe abortion services.
本文源自为1990年10月在苏联格鲁吉亚第比利斯举行的“从堕胎到避孕：通过改善计划生育服务减少意外怀孕和堕胎的公共卫生方法”会议准备的主题演讲。本文从历史角度回顾了欧洲人工流产的法律、宗教和医学状况，并探讨了人工流产服务的可及性、卫生专业人员的态度、人工流产发生率、发病率和死亡率、新型抗孕激素、人工流产寻求者的特征、晚期人工流产、人工流产后的心理反应、拒绝人工流产的影响以及重复人工流产。特别关注罗马尼亚、阿尔巴尼亚和前苏联发生的变化，以及中东欧前社会主义国家其他地区新保守主义的影响，尤其是波兰。人工流产是一种社会现实，不能通过立法使其消失，围绕它的争议也无法平息。无论计划生育服务和实践多么有效，始终都需要获得安全的人工流产服务。
