Harris Heather G, Edwards Amanda J
Animal Resources Program, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Am J Primatol. 2004 Dec;64(4):459-67. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20092.
Stainless steel circular mirrors were employed in an enrichment plan for 105 singly housed male African green monkeys. We observed 25 randomly selected males to measure mirror use and to assess the mirrors' effectiveness as an enrichment item. We conducted additional mirror-use surveys on all 105 males using fingerprint accumulation as an indicator (rated on a scale of 0 to 4). Use was defined as either being in contact with the mirror (contact use (CU)) or looking directly into the mirror without contact (non-contact use (NC)). Mirror-use data were collected 10 months after the initial introduction of the mirrors and again at 16 months. The two time points were compared by paired t-tests. No significant difference in use was found between the two data collection points. On average, the monkeys used the mirrors 5.2% of the total time intervals recorded (approximately 3 min/hr). Results from the five fingerprint-accumulation surveys showed that 102 of 105 males (97%) had CU with their mirrors over the survey points. Based on the sustained use of the mirrors over a 6-month period, we concluded that the mirrors were an effective enrichment tool that the vast majority of our monkeys routinely used. Habituation did not appear to occur even a year after the mirrors were introduced.
在一项针对105只单独饲养的雄性非洲绿猴的丰容计划中使用了不锈钢圆形镜子。我们观察了25只随机挑选的雄性猴子，以测量镜子的使用情况并评估镜子作为一种丰容物品的有效性。我们使用指纹积累作为指标（评分范围为0至4），对所有105只雄性猴子进行了额外的镜子使用情况调查。使用被定义为与镜子接触（接触使用（CU））或不接触直接看向镜子（非接触使用（NC））。镜子使用数据在镜子初次引入10个月后收集，16个月时再次收集。通过配对t检验比较这两个时间点。在两个数据收集点之间未发现使用情况有显著差异。平均而言，猴子在记录的总时间间隔中使用镜子的时间占5.2%（约3分钟/小时）。五次指纹积累调查的结果显示，105只雄性猴子中有102只（97%）在调查点期间与它们的镜子有接触使用。基于镜子在6个月期间的持续使用，我们得出结论，镜子是一种有效的丰容工具，我们绝大多数猴子经常使用。即使在镜子引入一年后，似乎也没有出现习惯化现象。
