Karbowska Joanna, Warczak Elzbieta, Kochan Zdzisław
Katedra Biochemii Akademii Medycznej w Gdańsku.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2004;58:449-57.
Adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted protein encoded by the ACDC gene (also known as APM1), has been shown to play an important role in the regulation of fatty acid and glucose metabolism in liver and muscle, where it modulates insulin sensitivity. Adiponectin enhances fatty acid oxidation in liver and muscle, thus reducing triglyceride content in these tissues. Moreover, it stimulates glucose utilization in muscle and inhibits glucose production by the liver, consequently decreasing blood glucose levels. Plasma adiponectin levels are positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in humans. Circulating adiponectin forms a wide range of multimers. Mutations in the ACDC gene result in an impaired multimerization and/or impaired secretion of adiponectin from adipocytes, both linked to the development of insulin resistance and type II diabetes. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoadiponectinemia associated with the diabetic phenotype. We further discuss the more recent findings that implicate adiponectin multimer formation as an important feature of the biological function of this adipocyte-derived hormone.
脂联素是一种由ACDC基因（也称为APM1）编码的脂肪细胞分泌蛋白，已被证明在肝脏和肌肉中脂肪酸和葡萄糖代谢的调节中发挥重要作用，在这些组织中它调节胰岛素敏感性。脂联素增强肝脏和肌肉中的脂肪酸氧化，从而降低这些组织中的甘油三酯含量。此外，它刺激肌肉中的葡萄糖利用并抑制肝脏中的葡萄糖生成，从而降低血糖水平。血浆脂联素水平与人类胰岛素敏感性呈正相关。循环中的脂联素形成多种多聚体。ACDC基因的突变导致脂联素多聚化受损和/或脂肪细胞分泌脂联素受损，这两者都与胰岛素抵抗和II型糖尿病的发生有关。本综述重点关注与糖尿病表型相关的低脂联素血症的分子机制。我们进一步讨论了最近的研究发现，这些发现表明脂联素多聚体的形成是这种脂肪细胞衍生激素生物学功能的一个重要特征。
