Leont'ev D V, Akulov A Iu
Zh Obshch Biol. 2004 Nov-Dec;65(6):500-26.
Construction of prognostic system of organic world is required for modern taxonomy. However, it is impossible in the scope of the prevalent at present phylogenetic approach. Ecomorpheme is the system constructed on the basis of similarity criteria considering general rules of wild nature development and it has a prognostic potential. Intraditional system (that was used up to 1980's) phylogenetic and ecomorphogenetic criteria were mixed. That did not permit the construction of exhaustive ecomorpheme. Megataxonomic "revolution" of 1990's made phylogenetic system free from ecomorphological criteria and "bring it back" to ecomorpheme. Now it could gain a prognostic power. The criteria for such prognostic ecomorpheme should be selected in compliance with the basic features of life (self-maintenance, self-reproduction and self-development). These criteria are type of reproduction, type of nutrition and organization level. The optimal graphic representation of ecomorpheme is table constucted according to "Candler ring" approach. Ecomorphemes nomenclature should be constructed with the newly defined categories, descriptive names and descriptive endings. The system constructed by this way is following: life world is divided into two expires, Acelullata and Celullata. The first one is divided into unions: Preonalia (protein), Viroidalia (DNA), Rhiboviralia (RNA + protein) and Desoxyrhyboviralia (DNA + + protein). The second one is divided into three basic (Animalia, Vegetalia, Mycetalia) and three "mixotrophic" (Euglenalia, Viscalia, Physaralia) unions. Each union is divided into three divisions corresponding to the organization level (proto-, meso- and metabiont), each division is divided into three classes in accordance to criteria of mobility/sedentarity (monado-, plano-, stylo- and basotrophic) and each class is divided into three cohorts corresponding to the growth system (open or closed).
现代分类学需要构建有机世界的预后系统。然而，在目前流行的系统发育方法范围内这是不可能的。生态形态是基于相似性标准构建的系统，它考虑了野生自然发展的一般规律，并且具有预后潜力。在传统系统（直到20世纪80年代仍在使用）中，系统发育和生态形态发生标准是混合的。这使得无法构建详尽的生态形态。20世纪90年代的宏观分类“革命”使系统发育系统摆脱了生态形态学标准，并将其“带回”生态形态。现在它可以获得预后能力。这种预后生态形态的标准应根据生命的基本特征（自我维持、自我繁殖和自我发展）来选择。这些标准是繁殖类型、营养类型和组织水平。生态形态的最佳图形表示是根据“坎德勒环”方法构建的表格。生态形态的命名法应使用新定义的类别、描述性名称和描述性词尾来构建。通过这种方式构建的系统如下：生命世界分为两个时期，无细胞生物界和细胞生物界。第一个时期分为联合体：前生命联合体（蛋白质）、类病毒联合体（DNA）、核糖病毒联合体（RNA + 蛋白质）和脱氧核糖核病毒联合体（DNA + + 蛋白质）。第二个时期分为三个基本联合体（动物界、植物界、真菌界）和三个“混合营养”联合体（眼虫联合体、粘菌联合体、绒泡菌联合体）。每个联合体分为对应于组织水平的三个分类（原生生物、中生生物和后生生物），每个分类根据移动性/定居性标准（单胞型、扁平型、柱型和底栖型）分为三个类，每个类分为对应于生长系统（开放或封闭）的三个群组。
