Al-Hassan Musa A, Omran Suha M
Adult Health Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Int J Nurs Pract. 2005 Feb;11(1):13-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-172X.2005.00497.x.
The main purpose of this study was to examine the significance of health beliefs, perceived seriousness of harmful consequences and perceived barriers in explaining health care-seeking decisions of patients experiencing myocardial infarction symptoms. A structured interview guide developed by the researchers that included health beliefs, patient delay, sociodemographics and clinical characteristics of the patients was introduced to 79 myocardial infarction patients on the third day of hospitalization. Thirty-eight per cent of the patients delayed the health care-seeking decision > 1 h. Gender, age and perceived seriousness of the consequences significantly distinguished between delayers and non-delayers, correctly classifying 77% of the cases. Delayers were more likely to be female and young adults, and those who perceived increased negative consequences to myocardial infarction. Educational and counselling programmes for individuals at increased risk for myocardial infarction should consider the negative influence of perceived seriousness of consequences on the decision-making process of the patients. Also, interventions to change women's perception of their vulnerability to this illness are needed.
本研究的主要目的是检验健康信念、对有害后果的感知严重性以及感知障碍在解释出现心肌梗死症状患者的就医决策方面的重要性。研究人员制定了一份结构化访谈指南，其中包括健康信念、患者延误情况、社会人口统计学特征以及患者的临床特征，并在患者住院第三天向79名心肌梗死患者进行了介绍。38%的患者将就医决策推迟了1小时以上。性别、年龄以及对后果的感知严重性在延迟就医者和未延迟就医者之间有显著差异，正确分类率为77%。延迟就医者更可能为女性和年轻人，以及那些认为心肌梗死会带来更多负面后果的人。针对心肌梗死风险增加人群的教育和咨询项目应考虑后果感知严重性对患者决策过程的负面影响。此外，还需要采取干预措施来改变女性对自身易患该病的认知。
