Ramadan Ahmed Abdel-Fattah
Orthodontic Department, Suez Canal University, Cairo, Egypt.
World J Orthod. 2004 Fall;5(3):230-4; discussion 235.
To determine the influence of chromium and nickel concentrations in saliva and their effects on gingival tissues during orthodontic treatment.
Twenty orthodontic patients (10 males and 10 females), 17 to 20 years of age, were treated with fixed orthodontic appliances in the maxillary arch. Using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, the concentration of both metals was recorded during pretreatment, at 3 and 12 months into treatment, and 1 month after debonding. The depth of gingival crevice was recorded as well.
After 3 months, 20% of females and 10% of males in this study showed allergic reaction in a form of gingivitis. This had disappeared by 1 month after appliance removal.
While allergy to either nickel or chromium is not a serious medical problem, oral hygiene measures in at-risk patients should be optimal, with use of fluoride-free toothpaste and mouthrinse.
确定正畸治疗期间唾液中铬和镍的浓度及其对牙龈组织的影响。
20名正畸患者（10名男性和10名女性），年龄在17至20岁之间，接受上颌固定正畸矫治器治疗。使用原子吸收分光光度计，在治疗前、治疗3个月和12个月以及去除矫治器1个月后记录两种金属的浓度。同时记录牙龈沟深度。
本研究中，3个月后，20%的女性和10%的男性出现了以牙龈炎形式的过敏反应。矫治器去除1个月后这种反应消失。
虽然对镍或铬过敏并非严重的医学问题，但高危患者的口腔卫生措施应达到最佳，可使用不含氟的牙膏和漱口水。
