Gollin Susanne M
Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, 130 DeSoto Street, Room A308 Crabtree Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2005 Feb;15(1):33-42. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.09.004.
Chromosomal instability is a common feature of cancer cells. Several cellular mechanisms lead to numerical and structural chromosomal instability in cancer cells, including defects in chromosomal segregation, cellular checkpoints that guard against reproduction of abnormal cells, telomere stability, and the DNA damage response. Human papillomavirus interferes with these processes, causing chromosomal instability and tumor formation in some of the epithelial cells which it infects. The rate of discoveries about the mechanisms leading to chromosomal instability in cancer cells is increasing rapidly. Although these mechanisms were thought to be unrelated, they are intimately intertwined, connecting the complex network of cellular pathways. Since chromosomal instability is undoubtedly a major cause of tumor evasion of therapy, understanding the mechanisms leading to chromosomal instability has major translational significance.
染色体不稳定是癌细胞的一个常见特征。多种细胞机制会导致癌细胞出现染色体数目和结构不稳定，包括染色体分离缺陷、防止异常细胞增殖的细胞检查点、端粒稳定性以及DNA损伤反应。人乳头瘤病毒会干扰这些过程，在其感染的一些上皮细胞中导致染色体不稳定和肿瘤形成。关于癌细胞中导致染色体不稳定机制的发现速度正在迅速加快。尽管这些机制曾被认为互不相关，但它们紧密相连，构成了细胞通路的复杂网络。由于染色体不稳定无疑是肿瘤逃避治疗的一个主要原因，了解导致染色体不稳定的机制具有重大的转化意义。
