Ross Andrea J, Capel Blanche
Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Jan-Feb;16(1):19-25. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2004.11.004.
In mammals, the gonads arise as bipotential primordia that are capable of developing as either testes or ovaries. Expression of the Y-linked gene Sry in the XY gonad initiates testis differentiation; in the absence of Sry, ovarian pathways prevail. Although the molecular targets of SRY are not known, many of the early cellular and morphological events that occur downstream of Sry have been characterized. These include increased cell proliferation, Sertoli cell differentiation, testis cord formation, development of a testis-specific vasculature and differentiation of interstitial lineages. Recently, several of the molecular signals that direct these processes have been identified. In addition, the pathways that suppress features of testis development in the XX gonad are being elucidated.
在哺乳动物中，性腺起源于具有双潜能的原基，能够发育为睾丸或卵巢。XY性腺中Y连锁基因Sry的表达启动睾丸分化；在没有Sry的情况下，卵巢发育途径占主导。尽管SRY的分子靶点尚不清楚，但许多发生在Sry下游的早期细胞和形态学事件已得到描述。这些事件包括细胞增殖增加、支持细胞分化、睾丸索形成、睾丸特异性脉管系统发育以及间质谱系分化。最近，已经鉴定出了一些指导这些过程的分子信号。此外，XX性腺中抑制睾丸发育特征的途径也正在被阐明。
