Klomjek Pantip, Nitisoravut Suwanchai
The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
Chemosphere. 2005 Feb;58(5):585-93. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.08.073.
A series of investigations was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using constructed treatment wetlands to remove pollutants from saline wastewater. Eight emergent plants; cattail, sedge, water grass, Asia crabgrass, salt meadow cordgrass, kallar grass, vetiver grass and Amazon, were planted in experimental plots and fed with municipal wastewater that was spiked with sodium chloride (NaCl) to simulate a saline concentration of approximately 14-16 mScm-1. All macrophytes were found tolerant under the tested conditions except Amazon and vetiver grass. Nutrient assimilation of salt tolerant species was in the range of 0.006-0.061 and 0.0002-0.0024 gm-2d-1 for nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. Treatment performances of planted units were found to be 72.4-78.9% for BOD5, 43.2-56.0% for SS, 67.4-76.5% for NH3-N and 28.9-44.9% for TP. The most satisfactory plant growth and nitrogen assimilation were found for cattail (Typha angustifolia) though the plant growth was limited, whereas Asia crabgrass (Digitaria bicornis) was superior for BOD5 removal. Both were evaluated again in a continuous flow constructed wetland system receiving saline feed processing wastewater. A high removal rate regularly occurred in long-term operating conditions. The reduction in BOD5, SS, NH3-N and TP was in the range of 44.4-67.9%, 41.4-70.4%, 18.0-65.3% and 12.2-40.5%, respectively. Asia crabgrass often provided higher removal especially for BOD5 and SS removal. Nutrient enriched wastewater promoted flourishing growth of algae and plankton in the surface flow system, which tended to reduce treatment performance.
开展了一系列调查，以评估利用人工建造的处理湿地去除含盐废水中污染物的可行性。在试验地块种植了8种挺水植物，即香蒲、莎草、水草、马唐、盐地鼠尾粟、卡拉草、香根草和亚马逊草，并向其投喂添加了氯化钠（NaCl）的市政废水，以模拟约14 - 16 mScm-1的盐分浓度。除亚马逊草和香根草外，所有大型植物在测试条件下均表现出耐受性。耐盐物种对氮和磷的养分同化率分别在0.006 - 0.061和0.0002 - 0.0024 g m-2 d-1范围内。种植单元对生化需氧量（BOD5）的处理效率为72.4 - 78.9%，对悬浮物（SS）为43.2 - 56.0%，对氨氮（NH3-N）为67.4 - 76.5%，对总磷（TP）为28.9 - 44.9%。尽管香蒲（狭叶香蒲）的生长受到限制，但其植物生长和氮同化效果最为令人满意，而马唐（双穗马唐）在去除BOD5方面表现更优。在连续流人工湿地系统中，对这两种植物再次进行了评估，该系统接收含盐的进料加工废水。在长期运行条件下，经常出现较高的去除率。BOD5、SS、NH3-N和TP的降低幅度分别在44.4 - 67.9%、41.4 - 70.4%、18.0 - 65.3%和12.2 - 40.5%范围内。马唐通常具有更高的去除率，尤其是在去除BOD5和SS方面。营养丰富的废水促进了表面流系统中藻类和浮游生物的繁茂生长，这往往会降低处理效果。
