Ekanem E E, Gbadegesin A
Department of Community Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Afr J Reprod Health. 2004 Aug;8(2):91-100.
This study was carried out among 345 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at two health facilities in Lagos, Nigeria. It was undertaken to determine their knowledge and acceptability of HIV voluntary counselling and testing in pregnancy as a strategy for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. Data were collected on issues relating to mother-to-child transmission of HIV, willingness to go for voluntary counselling and testing, actions to be taken if a pregnant woman was found to be HIV positive including infant feeding options. Majority of the women (89.9%) had good knowledge of the modes of HIV transmission, however, knowledge of specific aspects of PMTCT was poor. Close to half of the women (41.7%) were not aware of the association between breast milk and HIV transmission. Almost all the women (96.1%) were willing to undergo HIV testing in pregnancy particularly if it would assist preventing transmission of HIV to their babies; but only few would undergo the test if the result would be shared with relatives. Many of the women would still prefer breastfeeding even if they were found to be HIV positive. Awareness of anti-retroviral drugs among the study group was very poor. As the country is about to embark on its PMTTCT programme, there is need to increase the level of knowledge, acceptability and adoption of VCT and other PMTCT strategies among potential beneficiaries. Innovative information and education techniques need to be developed to provide HIV positive mothers with knowledge and skills that can enable them to make informed choices about infant feeding options and other forms of care.
本研究在尼日利亚拉各斯的两家医疗机构的产前诊所对345名孕妇进行。开展该研究是为了确定她们对孕期艾滋病毒自愿咨询和检测作为预防艾滋病毒母婴传播（PMTCT）策略的知晓情况和接受程度。收集了与艾滋病毒母婴传播、自愿咨询和检测意愿、如果孕妇被发现艾滋病毒呈阳性将采取的行动（包括婴儿喂养选择）相关的数据。大多数妇女（89.9%）对艾滋病毒传播方式有良好认知，然而，对PMTCT具体方面的了解较差。近一半的妇女（41.7%）不知道母乳与艾滋病毒传播之间的关联。几乎所有妇女（96.1%）愿意在孕期接受艾滋病毒检测，特别是如果这有助于预防艾滋病毒传播给她们的婴儿；但如果检测结果会与亲属分享，只有少数人会接受检测。即使被发现艾滋病毒呈阳性，许多妇女仍会选择母乳喂养。研究组中对抗逆转录病毒药物的知晓率很低。由于该国即将启动其PMTTCT项目，有必要提高潜在受益人群对自愿咨询检测（VCT）和其他PMTCT策略的认知水平、接受程度和采用率。需要开发创新的信息和教育技术，为艾滋病毒呈阳性的母亲提供知识和技能，使她们能够就婴儿喂养选择和其他护理形式做出明智的选择。
