Chivonivoni Clara, Ehlers Valerie J, Roos Janetta H
United Bulawayo Hospitals, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2008 Nov;45(11):1618-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.04.002. Epub 2008 May 27.
In developing countries vertical (mother-to-child) transmission of HIV/AIDS is responsible for 5-10% of all new HIV infections. HIV positive mothers can transmit HIV to their babies during pregnancy, childbirth and breast-feeding. Anti-retroviral drugs are effective in reducing the risk of vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS.
The main focus was to describe mothers' attitudes towards using services for preventing vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS.
A non-experimental, descriptive design with a survey approach was used.
The study was conducted at one hospital in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, that offers both prenatal clinic and maternity, including prevention of vertical transmission, services.
Fifty pregnant women, who attended prenatal clinics in Bulawayo and who booked to deliver their babies in the hospital's maternity section, were interviewed.
A structured interview survey was used to collect data.
The interviewed women required more knowledge about preventing vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS. Many pregnant women would not use the services available for the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS, for personal, financial and cultural reasons. However, the most important barriers preventing pregnant women from using free prevention of vertical transmission services were structural ones. Only pregnant women who attended prenatal clinics and delivered their babies in hospital could access these services. Prenatal and delivery services might be beyond the financial reach of many Zimbabwean women, making prevention of vertical transmission services inaccessible to them. Free infant formula could not be accessed at hospitals and clinics because of transport costs.
在发展中国家，艾滋病毒/艾滋病的垂直（母婴）传播占所有新增艾滋病毒感染病例的5%至10%。艾滋病毒呈阳性的母亲可在怀孕、分娩和哺乳期间将艾滋病毒传染给婴儿。抗逆转录病毒药物在降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病垂直传播风险方面有效。
主要重点是描述母亲们对利用预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病垂直传播服务的态度。
采用非实验性描述性设计并辅以调查方法。
研究在津巴布韦布拉瓦约的一家医院开展，该医院提供产前诊所和产科服务，包括预防垂直传播服务。
对50名在布拉瓦约产前诊所就诊并预定在该医院产科分娩的孕妇进行了访谈。
采用结构化访谈调查收集数据。
受访女性需要更多关于预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病垂直传播的知识。许多孕妇因个人、经济和文化原因不会利用现有的预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病垂直传播服务。然而，阻碍孕妇使用免费垂直传播预防服务的最重要障碍是结构性障碍。只有在产前诊所就诊并在医院分娩的孕妇才能获得这些服务。产前和分娩服务可能超出许多津巴布韦女性的经济承受能力，使她们无法获得垂直传播预防服务。由于交通成本，医院和诊所无法提供免费婴儿配方奶粉。
