对白喉初免系列接种史不完整的成年人进行白喉加强免疫接种的效果。

Effect of a diphtheria booster vaccination in adults with a documented history of an incomplete primary series vaccination.

作者信息

Hasselhorn H M, Hofmann F, Nübling M

机构信息

Dept. of Occupational Medicine, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.

出版信息

Infection. 2004 Oct;32(5):282-6. doi: 10.1007/s15010-004-3149-2.

DOI:10.1007/s15010-004-3149-2

PMID:15624892

Abstract

BACKGROUND

An incomplete series of diphtheria vaccination is frequently found in the vaccination documents of adult patients. This paper investigates the effect of a booster vaccination in adults with an incomplete series of primary vaccination.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The effect of one diphtheria booster vaccination in adults with a documented history of only two childhood vaccinations has been investigated in 21 adults. Before the vaccination and 4 to 8 weeks thereafter, blood samples were taken and analyzed with an in vitro neutralization assay.

RESULTS

None of the participants had prevaccinal full protective diphtheria antitoxin levels (AT) > or = 0.1 IU/ml and four (19%) had limited serological protection (AT 0.01 to 0.1 IU/ml). After the vaccination, 14 individuals (67%) had protective LeveLs and six (29%) had limited protective levels. The risk for post-booster non-protection (AT < 0.1 IU/ml) was 7.7 times higher in comparison with a group of 170 adults with a history of at least one booster vaccination.

CONCLUSION

A specific immunologic memory exists in adults with a history of only two previous diphtheria vaccinations. However, our results also indicate the need for a second booster vaccination in this group if long-term protection is to be achieved.

摘要

背景

在成年患者的疫苗接种记录中，经常发现白喉疫苗接种系列不完整的情况。本文研究了在初次疫苗接种系列不完整的成年人中进行加强疫苗接种的效果。

材料与方法

对21名仅有两次儿童期疫苗接种记录的成年人进行了一次白喉加强疫苗接种效果的研究。在接种疫苗前及接种后4至8周，采集血样并通过体外中和试验进行分析。

结果

所有参与者接种前均无白喉抗毒素完全保护性水平（AT）>或=0.1 IU/ml，4人（19%）有有限的血清学保护（AT为0.01至0.1 IU/ml）。接种疫苗后，14人（67%）达到保护水平，6人（29%）有有限的保护水平。与170名有至少一次加强疫苗接种史的成年人相比，加强疫苗接种后无保护作用（AT<0.1 IU/ml）的风险高7.7倍。