Spicka Peter, Grald Eric
Fluent Inc., 10 Cavendish Court, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA.
J Cosmet Sci. 2004;55 Suppl:S53-63.
The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a virtual prototyping tool is widespread in the consumer packaged goods industry. CFD refers to the calculation on a computer of the velocity, pressure, and temperature and chemical species concentrations within a flowing liquid or gas. Because the performance of manufacturing equipment and product designs can be simulated on the computer, the benefit of using CFD is significant time and cost savings when compared to traditional physical testing methods. CFD has been used to design, scale-up and troubleshoot mixing tanks, spray dryers, heat exchangers and other process equipment. Recently, computer models of the capillary wicking process inside fibrous structures have been added to CFD software. These models have been used to gain a better understanding of the absorbent performance of diapers and feminine protection products. The same models can also be used to represent the movement of shampoo, conditioner, colorants and other products through the hair and scalp. In this paper, we provide an introduction to CFD and show some examples of its application to the manufacture of consumer products. We also provide sonic examples to show the potential of CFD for understanding the performance of products applied to the hair and scalp.
计算流体动力学（CFD）作为一种虚拟原型工具在消费品行业中广泛应用。CFD指的是在计算机上对流动液体或气体中的速度、压力、温度以及化学物质浓度进行计算。由于制造设备的性能和产品设计可以在计算机上进行模拟，与传统物理测试方法相比，使用CFD的好处是显著节省时间和成本。CFD已被用于设计、放大和排查搅拌罐、喷雾干燥器、热交换器及其他工艺设备的故障。最近，纤维结构内部毛细管芯吸过程的计算机模型已被添加到CFD软件中。这些模型已被用于更好地理解尿布和女性卫生用品的吸收性能。同样的模型也可用于表示洗发水、护发素、染发剂及其他产品在头发和头皮中的移动情况。在本文中，我们对CFD进行了介绍，并展示了其在消费品制造中的一些应用实例。我们还提供了一些示例，以展示CFD在理解应用于头发和头皮的产品性能方面的潜力。
