Naudon L, Jay T M
Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Développement et Vulnérabilité, E0117 INSERM-Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France.
Neuroscience. 2005;130(2):285-93. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.009.
Despite consistent evidence of an association between depression and impaired memory performance, only a few studies have investigated memory processes in animal models of depression. The aim of the present study was to determine if rats selected for marked differences in their immobility response in the forced swimming test (FST, i.e. high-immobility, [HI] and low-immobility [LI] rats) exhibit differences in spatial and non-spatial memory performances. In a classic radial maze elimination task, we observed that HI rats made significantly more errors than LI rats, and their first error appeared significantly earlier. In a delayed spatial win-shift procedure where rats have to hold spatially relevant information in working memory across a 30 min delay, HI rats tended initially to perform more poorly than LI rats. HI rats made more across-phase errors, the occurrence of the first error was earlier and by the end of the experiment the differences between the two groups disappeared. Thus, HI rats present more difficulties to learn the rules in a spatial task and show weaker performances in spatial working memory in comparison to LI rats. On the other hand, performances in the two groups of animals were similar in a non-spatial task, the object recognition task. Complementary behavioral data indicate that the differences observed between the two groups are not attributable to opposite locomotor activities or to different levels of anxiety. Overall we can conclude that opposite swimming behavior in the FST could parallel some differences in cognitive performances, more specifically linked to spatial working memory.
尽管有持续的证据表明抑郁症与记忆表现受损之间存在关联，但只有少数研究在抑郁症动物模型中研究了记忆过程。本研究的目的是确定在强迫游泳试验（FST）中静止不动反应存在显著差异的大鼠（即高静止不动[HI]大鼠和低静止不动[LI]大鼠）在空间和非空间记忆表现上是否存在差异。在经典的放射状迷宫消除任务中，我们观察到HI大鼠比LI大鼠犯的错误明显更多，并且它们的第一个错误出现得明显更早。在延迟空间赢移程序中，大鼠必须在30分钟的延迟期间将空间相关信息保存在工作记忆中，HI大鼠最初的表现往往比LI大鼠差。HI大鼠犯的跨阶段错误更多，第一个错误出现得更早，到实验结束时两组之间的差异消失。因此，与LI大鼠相比，HI大鼠在空间任务中学习规则时遇到更多困难，并且在空间工作记忆中的表现较弱。另一方面，在非空间任务即物体识别任务中，两组动物的表现相似。补充行为数据表明，两组之间观察到的差异并非归因于相反的运动活动或不同的焦虑水平。总体而言，我们可以得出结论，FST中相反的游泳行为可能与认知表现的一些差异平行，更具体地与空间工作记忆相关。
