Menardo G
Institute of Medicine 2, S. Paolo Hospital, Via Genova 30, I-17100, Savona, Italy.
Tech Coloproctol. 2004 Dec;8 Suppl 2:s273-5. doi: 10.1007/s10151-004-0175-0.
The removal of adenomatous polyps of the large bowel reduces mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC). Faecal occult blood testing only reveals 20.40% of polyps. The flexible rectosigmoidoscope explores less than half of the large bowel. Its use should always be coupled with faecal occult blood testing which, if positive, requires a total colonoscopy. The sensitivity of double-contrast barium enema for the search of polyps is 35%. Colonoscopy does not reach the caecum in about 10% of cases. It misses 15-20% of polyps with diameter <10 mm and about 6% of polyps with diameter >10 mm. Virtual colonoscopy has substantially the same sensitivity as optical colonoscopy for polyps > or =7 mm in diameter.
大肠腺瘤性息肉的切除可降低结直肠癌(CRC)的死亡率。粪便潜血试验仅能检测出20.40%的息肉。可弯曲乙状结肠镜只能检查不到一半的大肠。其使用应始终与粪便潜血试验相结合,若粪便潜血试验呈阳性,则需要进行全结肠镜检查。双重对比钡灌肠检查息肉的敏感度为35%。在约10%的病例中,结肠镜检查无法到达盲肠。对于直径<10 mm的息肉,结肠镜检查会漏诊15 - 20%,对于直径>10 mm的息肉,漏诊率约为6%。对于直径≥7 mm的息肉,虚拟结肠镜的敏感度与光学结肠镜基本相同。