Torres Carlos, Szomstein Samuel, Wexner Steven D
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FLorida 33331, USA.
Surg Innov. 2007 Mar;14(1):27-34. doi: 10.1177/1553350607299563.
Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed tumor in both males and females in the United States. Current modalities for colorectal cancer screening include fecal occult blood testing, flexible sigmoidoscopy, double-contrast barium enema, and colonoscopy. Virtual colonoscopy is a promising new method for assessing the entire colon. Vining and Gelfand first described this technique in 1994. Since then, virtual colonoscopy has been shown to be extremely safe and well tolerated by patients. Indications for virtual colonoscopy include screening for polyps, incomplete or failed colonoscopy, and preoperative assessment of the colon proximal to an occlusive cancer or even redundant fixed or stenotic colon that cannot be endoscopically traversed. Virtual colonoscopy may dramatically increase patient participation in screening programs, leading to early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Although virtual colonoscopy seems a potentially attractive screening method for colorectal cancer, the cost-effectiveness of this method is yet to be determined.
在美国，结直肠癌是男性和女性中第三大最常被诊断出的肿瘤。目前用于结直肠癌筛查的方式包括粪便潜血检测、乙状结肠镜检查、双对比钡灌肠以及结肠镜检查。虚拟结肠镜检查是一种用于评估整个结肠的有前景的新方法。维宁和盖尔范德于1994年首次描述了这项技术。从那时起，虚拟结肠镜检查已被证明极其安全且患者耐受性良好。虚拟结肠镜检查的适应症包括息肉筛查、结肠镜检查不完全或失败，以及对阻塞性癌症近端结肠或甚至无法通过内镜穿过的冗长、固定或狭窄结肠进行术前评估。虚拟结肠镜检查可能会显著提高患者参与筛查项目的积极性，从而实现结直肠癌的早期诊断。尽管虚拟结肠镜检查似乎是一种对结直肠癌具有潜在吸引力的筛查方法，但该方法的成本效益尚未确定。
