Mer酪氨酸激酶在αvβ5整合素介导的凋亡细胞吞噬作用中的作用。
A role for Mer tyrosine kinase in alphavbeta5 integrin-mediated phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.
作者信息
Wu Yi, Singh Sukhwinder, Georgescu Maria-Magdalena, Birge Raymond B
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
出版信息
J Cell Sci. 2005 Feb 1;118(Pt 3):539-53. doi: 10.1242/jcs.01632.
Efficient phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is crucial for many cellular processes. One of earliest signals to the phagocyte is the expression of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outer surface of the apoptotic cell that provides a potent 'eat-me' signal. Recognition of PS occurs either directly, via PS receptor (PS-R), or indirectly via alphavbeta5(3) integrin or Mer-family tyrosine kinases through the opsonizing proteins milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein (MFG-E8), or growth arrest specific factor-6 (Gas6), respectively. Because Mer and alphavbeta5 integrin share PS-dependent recognition signals, we investigated their post-receptor signaling cascades following receptor activation. Using a constitutively active form for Mer (CDMer) or Gas6 as a ligand to stimulate Mer, we found that Mer activation induced a post-receptor signaling cascade involving Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK on Tyr(861), the recruitment of FAK(Tyr861) to the alphavbeta5 integrin, and increased formation of p130(CAS)/CrkII/Dock180 complex to activate Rac1. Coexpression of Mer with alphavbeta5 integrin had a synergistic effect on Rac1 activation, lamellipodial formation and the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Interestingly, Gas6 or CDMer failed to stimulate p130(CAS) tyrosine phosphorylation or phagocytosis in beta5-deficient CS-1 cells or in mutant beta5DeltaC-expressing cells, suggesting that Mer is directionally and functionally linked to the integrin pathway. The present data indicate that receptors that recognize apoptotic cells in the context of PS functionally crosstalk to amplify intracellular signals to internalize apoptotic cells. Moreover, our data link another PS-dependent signal to the CrkII/Dock180/Rac1 module.
凋亡细胞的高效吞噬作用对许多细胞过程至关重要。对吞噬细胞最早的信号之一是凋亡细胞外表面磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)的表达,其提供了一个有力的“吃我”信号。PS的识别可通过PS受体(PS-R)直接发生,或分别通过调理蛋白乳脂肪球-表皮生长因子8蛋白(MFG-E8)或生长停滞特异性因子6(Gas6),经由αvβ5(3)整合素或Mer家族酪氨酸激酶间接发生。由于Mer和αvβ5整合素共享PS依赖性识别信号,我们研究了受体激活后它们的受体后信号级联反应。使用Mer的组成型活性形式(CDMer)或Gas6作为配体刺激Mer,我们发现Mer激活诱导了一个受体后信号级联反应,涉及Src介导的粘着斑激酶(FAK)在Tyr(861)位点的酪氨酸磷酸化、FAK(Tyr861)募集到αvβ5整合素,以及p130(CAS)/CrkII/Dock180复合物形成增加以激活Rac1。Mer与αvβ5整合素共表达对Rac1激活、板状伪足形成和凋亡细胞的吞噬作用具有协同效应。有趣的是,Gas6或CDMer未能刺激β5缺陷的CS-1细胞或表达突变型β5ΔC的细胞中p130(CAS)的酪氨酸磷酸化或吞噬作用,这表明Mer在方向和功能上与整合素途径相关联。目前的数据表明,在PS背景下识别凋亡细胞的受体在功能上相互串扰以放大细胞内信号,从而内化凋亡细胞。此外,我们的数据将另一个PS依赖性信号与CrkII/Dock180/Rac1模块联系起来。