von Kuenssberg Jehle Dietrich, Wagner David G, Mayrose James, Hashmi Usman
Department of Emergency Medicine, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, New York 14215, USA.
J Trauma. 2005 Jan;58(1):119-20. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000105887.89467.e5.
Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of mortality in the United States, although seat belts significantly reduce the risk of death. Police officers do not always wear a seat belt. A retrospective study was conducted on all crashes that involved marked police vehicles in the United States and included a death in any of the involved vehicles.
For the years 1997 through 2001, crash data were collected and analyzed from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System that included an isolated or multiple vehicle crash with a marked police vehicle and a resulting death in any of the involved vehicles. Motorcycle, aircraft, and undercover police crashes were excluded from this study. Only the occupants of the police vehicle involved in the crash were included in the study. In addition, crashes involving police vehicles where the status of seat belt use by the occupants of the police vehicle was unknown were also excluded.
When the crashes occurred, 59.9% of the officers were responding to nonemergency calls, 79.8% of the occupants were wearing their seat belts, and 79.5% survived. Of the 104 occupants that were not belted, 42 (40.4%) died in the crash, compared with 64 (15.5%) of the 412 belted occupants (risk ratio, 2.6; odds ratio, 3.7).
The risk of death was 2.6 times higher for unbelted occupants of police vehicles than for belted occupants in our study population. In addition, seat belt use was not statistically related to emergency versus nonemergency calls.
在美国，机动车碰撞事故是导致死亡的主要原因之一，尽管安全带能显著降低死亡风险。警察并不总是系安全带。对美国所有涉及有标志警车且事故中任何一辆涉事车辆有人死亡的碰撞事故进行了一项回顾性研究。
收集并分析1997年至2001年期间来自死亡分析报告系统的碰撞数据，这些数据包括涉及有标志警车的单车或多车碰撞事故，且事故中任何一辆涉事车辆有人死亡。本研究排除了摩托车、飞机及便衣警察的碰撞事故。研究仅纳入碰撞事故中涉事警车上的乘客。此外，还排除了那些无法确定警车上乘客安全带使用情况的涉及警车的碰撞事故。
碰撞事故发生时，59.9%的警察在回应非紧急呼叫，79.8%的乘客系着安全带，79.5%的人幸存。在104名未系安全带的乘客中，42人（40.4%）在事故中死亡，而在412名系安全带的乘客中，有64人（15.5%）死亡（风险比为2.6；优势比为3.7）。
在我们的研究人群中，警车中未系安全带的乘客死亡风险比系安全带的乘客高2.6倍。此外，安全带的使用与紧急呼叫和非紧急呼叫在统计学上没有关联。
