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两种降温策略对四肢瘫痪运动员在热环境下重复间歇性运动期间体温调节反应的影响。

Effects of two cooling strategies on thermoregulatory responses of tetraplegic athletes during repeated intermittent exercise in the heat.

作者信息

Webborn N, Price M J, Castle P C, Goosey-Tolfrey V L

机构信息

Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.

出版信息

J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Jun;98(6):2101-7. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00784.2004. Epub 2005 Jan 27.

Abstract

Athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI), and in particular tetraplegia, have an increased risk of heat strain and consequently heat illness relative to able-bodied individuals. Strategies that reduce the heat strain during exercise in a hot environment may reduce the risk of heat illness. To test the hypotheses that precooling or cooling during intermittent sprint exercise in a heated environment would attenuate the rise in core temperature in tetraplegic athletes, eight male subjects with SCI (lesions C(5)-C(7); 2 incomplete lesions) undertook four heat stress trials (32.0 +/- 0.1 degrees C, 50 +/- 0.1% relative humidity). After assessment of baseline thermoregulatory responses at rest for 80 min, subjects performed three intermittent sprint protocols for 28 min. All trials were undertaken on an arm crank ergometer and involved a no-cooling control (Con), 20 min of precooling (Pre), or cooling during exercise (Dur). Trials were administered in a randomized order. After the intermittent sprint protocols, mean core temperature was higher during Con (37.3 +/- 0.3 degrees C) compared with Pre and Dur (36.5 +/- 0.6 degrees C and 37.0 +/- 0.5 degrees C, respectively; P < 0.01). Moreover, perceived exertion was lower during Pre (13 +/- 2; P < 0.01) and Dur (12 +/- 1; P < 0.01) compared with Con (14 +/- 2). These results suggest that both precooling and cooling during intermittent sprint exercise in the heat reduces thermal strain in tetraplegic athletes. The cooling strategies also appear to show reduced perceived exertion at equivalent time points, which may translate into improved functional capacity.

摘要

与健全个体相比,脊髓损伤(SCI)运动员,尤其是四肢瘫痪运动员,发生热应激进而中暑的风险更高。在炎热环境中运动时降低热应激的策略可能会降低中暑风险。为了验证在热环境中间歇性冲刺运动期间进行预冷或降温会减弱四肢瘫痪运动员核心体温升高这一假设,八名男性脊髓损伤受试者(损伤节段为C(5)-C(7);2例不完全损伤)进行了四项热应激试验(温度32.0±0.1℃,相对湿度50±0.1%)。在评估了80分钟静息状态下的基线体温调节反应后,受试者进行了三项持续28分钟的间歇性冲刺运动方案。所有试验均在手臂曲柄测力计上进行,包括无冷却对照组(Con)、20分钟预冷组(Pre)或运动期间冷却组(Dur)。试验按随机顺序进行。间歇性冲刺运动方案结束后,Con组的平均核心体温(37.3±0.3℃)高于Pre组和Dur组(分别为36.5±0.6℃和37.0±0.5℃;P<0.01)。此外,与Con组(14±2)相比,Pre组(13±2;P<0.01)和Dur组(12±1;P<0.01)的主观用力感觉更低。这些结果表明,在炎热环境中间歇性冲刺运动期间进行预冷和降温均可降低四肢瘫痪运动员的热应激。在相同时间点,降温策略似乎也能降低主观用力感觉,这可能会转化为功能能力的提高。

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