Poele S te, Roorda J H, van der Graaf J H J M
Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geoscience, Delft University of Technology, NL-2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands.
Water Sci Technol. 2004;50(12):111-8.
The application of membrane filtration for the polishing of wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) effluent is more and more widely used. However, fouling problems are still not well understood. In order to investigate the role of particles in dead-end ultrafiltration of wwtp-effluent, Roorda studied the influence of pre-filtrated wwtp-effluent on the filterability. In addition this research investigates the relation between the filterability of the different fractions in the wwtp-effluent and the amount of organic foulants in these fractions. The results show a relation between the filterability and supra-dissolved particles in the fractions < 0.45 and < 0.2 microm. The amount of COD, colour, proteins and polysaccharides in these fractions are found of minor importance. A significant increase in filterability is found between the fractions < 0.2 and < 0.1 microm as well as a significant decrease in amount of polysaccharides. It is suggested that an essential feature in understanding membrane fouling during ultrafiltration of wwtp-effluent is to investigate the influence of supra-dissolved particles on the filterability as well as the influence of the amount of organic foulants (total organic carbon, proteins, polysaccharides, colour and humic substances) on the reversibility.
膜过滤在污水处理厂（WWTP）出水深度处理中的应用越来越广泛。然而，膜污染问题仍未得到充分理解。为了研究颗粒在污水处理厂出水死端超滤中的作用，Roorda研究了预过滤的污水处理厂出水对过滤性能的影响。此外，本研究还调查了污水处理厂出水中不同组分的过滤性能与这些组分中有机污染物含量之间的关系。结果表明，在小于0.45微米和小于0.2微米的组分中，过滤性能与超溶解颗粒之间存在关联。发现这些组分中的化学需氧量（COD）、颜色、蛋白质和多糖含量的影响较小。在小于0.2微米和小于0.1微米的组分之间，过滤性能显著提高，同时多糖含量显著降低。研究表明，理解污水处理厂出水超滤过程中膜污染的一个关键因素是研究超溶解颗粒对过滤性能的影响以及有机污染物（总有机碳、蛋白质、多糖、颜色和腐殖质）含量对可逆性的影响。
