Schrader G A, Zwijnenburg A, Wessling M
WETSUS Centre for Sustainable Water Technology, PO Box 1113, NL 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Water Sci Technol. 2005;52(10-11):345-57.
Laboratory-scale filtration tests utilizing wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) effluent were conducted to investigate fouling and filtration behaviour, especially the influence of colloidal stability on nanofiltration performance. Acidification and coagulant dosage were used to create unstable colloidal conditions. Colloidal stability of the effluent was analysed on by zeta potential measurements. A statistical design method, full factorial design with blocking, has been used to account for effluent composition variations and to account for interaction between experimental parameters. The results show a high correlation between unstable colloidal natural organic matter and the formation of dense fouling layers. The reversibility of the fouling process was shown to be independent from colloidal stability. Irreversible fouling was show to be promoted by mild acidic (pH 5) effluent conditions, whereas coagulant addition showed an increase in the reversibility of the fouling.
利用污水处理厂（WWTP）出水进行了实验室规模的过滤试验，以研究污垢和过滤行为，特别是胶体稳定性对纳滤性能的影响。采用酸化和投加混凝剂的方法来创造不稳定的胶体条件。通过测量zeta电位来分析出水的胶体稳定性。一种统计设计方法，即带有区组的全因子设计，已被用于考虑出水成分变化以及实验参数之间的相互作用。结果表明，不稳定的胶体天然有机物与致密污垢层的形成之间存在高度相关性。污垢过程的可逆性被证明与胶体稳定性无关。轻度酸性（pH 5）的出水条件会促进不可逆污垢的形成，而添加混凝剂则会使污垢的可逆性增加。
