Vallverdú J, Allué E, Bischoff J L, Cáceres I, Carbonell E, Cebrià A, García-Antón D, Huguet R, Ibáñez N, Martínez K, Pastó I, Rosell J, Saladié P, Vaquero M
Area de Prehistòria, Departament d'Història i Geografia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Plaça Imperial Tàrraco, 1, 43.005 Tarragona, Spain.
J Hum Evol. 2005 Feb;48(2):157-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.10.004. Epub 2005 Jan 13.
This paper presents a multidisciplinary study on the size of the occupied surfaces, provisioning strategies and behaviour planning at the Romani rock-shelter, using the Middle Palaeolithic record of the level i. This level is dated around 46.000 BP through U/Th ages. A behavioural interpretation is proposed, which emphasises the activities and the systemic value of the archaeological artefacts and structures. Occupation patterns are identified on the basis of the accumulations formed by human activities. These archaeological accumulations, consisting of artefacts and hearths, are easily defined visually as spatial units. The relationships between these accumulations, established by means of refitted remains, indicate that differences can be established between: 1) small and medium-sized occupation surfaces; 2) restricted and diversified provisioning strategies. This variability suggests that different modes of occupation are represented in the same archaeological level. The human activities reveal the generalization of fire technology. In almost all sizes of the occupation surfaces, the exploitation of vegetal resources near the Abric Romani marks the threshold of the restricted provisioning strategy. Limited use and fragmented knapping activities are recorded in the lithic assemblage. Faunal remains show differential transport. The exploitation of lithic, faunal and vegetal resources characterizes the diversified provisioning strategy. The small occupation surfaces and restricted provisioning strategies suggest short settlements in the Abric Romani. This shorter occupation model complements the longer diversified provisioning strategy recorded in both small and medium-sized occupied surfaces. The selection of precise elements for transport and the possible deferred consumption in the diversified provision strategy suggest an individual supply. In this respect, Neanderthal occupations in the Romani rock-shelter show a direct relation to: 1) hunting strategic resources; 2) high, linear mobility.
本文利用第一水平层的旧石器时代中期记录，对罗马尼岩厦中被占据表面的规模、供给策略和行为规划进行了多学科研究。该水平层通过铀系/钍系测年法测定年代约为距今46000年前。本文提出了一种行为学解释，强调了考古文物和结构的活动及系统价值。根据人类活动形成的堆积物确定居住模式。这些由文物和炉灶组成的考古堆积物，在视觉上很容易被界定为空间单元。通过拼接遗迹确定的这些堆积物之间的关系表明，可以区分出：1）中小型居住表面；2）受限和多样化的供给策略。这种变异性表明，在同一考古水平层中存在不同的居住模式。人类活动揭示了火技术的普及。在几乎所有规模的居住表面上，对罗马尼岩厦附近植物资源的开发标志着受限供给策略的开端。在石器组合中记录到有限的使用和零散的打片活动。动物遗骸显示出不同的运输情况。对石器、动物和植物资源的开发是多样化供给策略的特征。小型居住表面和受限的供给策略表明罗马尼岩厦的定居点较短。这种较短的居住模式补充了在中小型居住表面记录到的较长的多样化供给策略。在多样化供给策略中对精确运输元素的选择以及可能的延迟消费表明是个体供给。在这方面，罗马尼岩厦中的尼安德特人居住情况与以下两点有直接关系：1）狩猎战略资源；2）高度的线性移动性。
