4-壬基酚对虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）精液质量、配子活力、受精成功率以及胚胎和幼体存活率的影响。
The effect of 4-nonylphenol on semen quality, viability of gametes, fertilization success, and embryo and larvae survival in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
作者信息
Lahnsteiner Franz, Berger Beate, Grubinger Franz, Weismann Thomas
机构信息
Department for Organismic Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
出版信息
Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 4;71(4):297-306. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.11.007. Epub 2005 Jan 27.
The present study investigated in vivo and in vitro effects of environmental relevant concentrations of 4-nonylphenol (100-750 ng l(-1)) on the reproduction of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To determine the effect of 4-nonylphenol on semen quality rainbow trout were exposed to three concentrations of 4-nonylphenol in a flow-through system during the spawning period (60 days). At an estimated 4-nonylphenol concentration of 750 ng l(-1) semen production was completely inhibited, at 280 and 130 ng l(-1) the semen production was significantly reduced in comparison to the control. Sperm density, sperm motility and sperm fertility were not affected. Also the development of embryos and larvae at the end of yolk sac stage was affected by 4-nonylphenol. At estimated 4-nonylphenol exposure levels of 280 and 750 ng l(-1) the percentage of eyed stage embryos was slightly but significantly lower (2-4%) than at 130 ng l(-1) 4-nonylphenol and in the control. At 4-nonylphenol concentrations of 750 ng l(-1) only 23.8 +/- 1.2% of the larvae survived to the end of the yolk sac stage, at 280 ng l(-1) 53.7 +/- 8.2%, at 130 ng l(-1) 73.8 +/- 1.5%, and in the control 70.9 +/- 1.8%. Sperm motility was not affected by 4-nonylphenol as sperm motility rate, swimming velocity, swimming pattern and motility duration were similar in water and in water containing of 100, 250, or 750 ng l(-1) 4-nonylphenol. Incubation of eggs in physiological saline solution containing of 100, 250, or 750 ng l(-1) 4-nonylphenol did not change their fertilizability in comparison to the control. Therefore, 4-nonylphenol did not affect the egg viability. Also the fertilization process (sperm egg contact) was not influenced by 4-nonylphenol as the fertilization rate (percentage of hatched larvae) was similar to the control when eggs were fertilized in water containing of 100, 250, or 750 ng l(-1) 4-nonylphenol.
本研究调查了环境相关浓度的4-壬基酚（100 - 750 ng l(-1)）对虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）繁殖的体内和体外影响。为了确定4-壬基酚对精液质量的影响，在产卵期（60天），将虹鳟置于流通系统中，暴露于三种浓度的4-壬基酚下。在估计4-壬基酚浓度为750 ng l(-1)时，精液产生完全受到抑制；在280和130 ng l(-1)时，与对照组相比，精液产生显著减少。精子密度、精子活力和精子受精能力未受影响。此外，4-壬基酚还影响了卵黄囊期结束时胚胎和幼体的发育。在估计4-壬基酚暴露水平为280和750 ng l(-1)时，有眼期胚胎的百分比略低于但显著低于130 ng l(-1) 4-壬基酚组和对照组（2 - 4%）。在4-壬基酚浓度为750 ng l(-1)时，只有23.8 +/- 1.2%的幼体存活到卵黄囊期结束；在280 ng l(-1)时为53.7 +/- 8.2%；在130 ng l(-1)时为73.8 +/- 1.5%；对照组为70.9 +/- 1.8%。4-壬基酚不影响精子活力，因为在水和含有100、250或750 ng l(-)1 4-壬基酚的水中，精子活力率、游动速度、游动模式和活力持续时间相似。与对照组相比，在含有100、250或750 ng l(-1) 4-壬基酚的生理盐溶液中孵化卵，其受精能力没有改变。因此，4-壬基酚不影响卵的活力。此外，受精过程（精卵接触）也不受4-壬基酚影响，因为当在含有100、250或750 ng l(-1) 4-壬基酚的水中使卵受精时，受精率（孵化幼体的百分比）与对照组相似。
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