波兰住院患者的营养状况。

Nutritional status of patients hospitalised in Poland.

作者信息

Dzieniszewski J, Jarosz M, Szczygieł B, Długosz J, Marlicz K, Linke K, Lachowicz A, Ryzko-Skiba M, Orzeszko M

机构信息

Department of Dietetic and Nutrition in Hospital with Clinic of Metabolic Diseases and Gastroenterology, National Food and Nutrition Institute, Powslnska 61/63 Warsaw, Poland.

出版信息

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Apr;59(4):552-60. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602117.

DOI:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602117

PMID:15714213

Abstract

AIM

Screening and extended assessment of the nutritional status of patients on admission and on discharge from hospital were carried out.

DESCRIPTION

The studies were carried out in four teaching hospitals, four provincial hospitals and four county hospitals in Poland.

SUBJECTS

Screening examinations were carried out for 3310 randomly selected patients (every 10th patient admitted to hospital, including 1916 female cases aged from 16 to 92 y and 1394 male patients aged from 16 to 100 y). Extended examinations were carried out on 210 patients aged from 16 to 87 y (including 122 female and 88 male). MAIN ASSESSMENT PARAMETERS: Anthropometric (height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), arm circumference) and biochemical indices (erythrocyte count, haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, blood lymphocyte count and serum albumin serum concentration). The extended examinations included determination of antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E), vitamin B(12) and folic acid.

RESULTS

On admission to hospital, 10.43% of the patients surveyed had a BMI below 20 kg/m(2), in 20.74% of patients serum albumin concentration was below 3.5 g/dl, indicating possible protein energy malnutrition. In addition, 21.02% had lymphocyte count below 1.5 x 10(3)/mm(3). During hospitalisation, deterioration in the nutritional status of the patient population occurred. On discharge from hospital, the percentage of patients with BMI < 20 kg/m(2) increased to 11.21% and the percentage with low blood albumin (<3.5 g/dl) increased to 28.57%. On admission, vitamin C deficiency was present in 51.8% of patients, folic acid deficiency in 32%, vitamin E deficiency in 10%, vitamin B(12) deficiency in 6.8% and vitamin A deficiency in 1.4%. Vitamin deficiencies were present equally in malnourished, overweight and obese patients.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients admitted to hospitals in Poland, malnutrition risk demonstrated by BMI was observed in 10.43% of patients. On the basis of biochemical indices, increased nutritional risk was demonstrated in 21% of patients. Vitamin malnutrition was seen in the majority of patients. A significant correlation between weight, BMI, arm circumference, blood lymphocyte count and the number of days spent in hospital was observed.

SPONSORSHIP

The Committee of Scientific Research and the Ministry of Health-PBZ 012-14.

摘要

目的

对入院和出院患者的营养状况进行筛查及进一步评估。

描述

研究在波兰的四家教学医院、四家省级医院和四家县级医院开展。

研究对象

对3310名随机选取的患者进行筛查检查（每10名入院患者中选1名，包括1916例年龄在16至92岁的女性患者和1394例年龄在16至100岁的男性患者）。对210名年龄在16至87岁的患者进行进一步检查（包括122名女性和88名男性）。主要评估参数：人体测量指标（身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、上臂围）和生化指标（红细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、白细胞计数、血淋巴细胞计数和血清白蛋白血清浓度）。进一步检查包括抗氧化维生素（A、C、E）、维生素B12和叶酸的测定。

结果

入院时，接受调查的患者中有10.43%的BMI低于20kg/m²，20.74%的患者血清白蛋白浓度低于3.5g/dl，提示可能存在蛋白质能量营养不良。此外，21.02%的患者淋巴细胞计数低于1.5×10³/mm³。住院期间，患者群体的营养状况恶化。出院时，BMI<20kg/m²的患者百分比增至11.21%，低血白蛋白（<3.5g/dl）患者百分比增至28.57%。入院时，51.8%的患者存在维生素C缺乏，32%存在叶酸缺乏，10%存在维生素E缺乏，6.8%存在维生素B12缺乏，1.4%存在维生素A缺乏。营养不良、超重和肥胖患者中维生素缺乏情况相当。