Kellenbach Marion L, Hovius Marjolijn, Patterson Karalyn
Cortex. 2005 Apr;41(2):121-32. doi: 10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70887-6.
The distinctiveness of temporal lobe regions activated during the retrieval of knowledge regarding structural, colour and associative (encyclopaedic) aspects of familiar objects was investigated using PET. These three types of knowledge were contrasted using well matched tasks requiring the detection, in a series of coloured-in line drawings, of occasional anomalous objects (in the three conditions: structurally incorrect chimeras composed of parts of real objects; inappropriately coloured objects; familiar objects that do not exist in the modern world). Relative to a resting baseline condition, all semantic retrieval tasks yielded extensive bilateral activations in occipital and temporal areas, extending anteriorly on the ventral surface of the brain, plus an area in the right superior parietal lobe. In direct semantic-task comparisons focussing on the temporal lobe: (i) structural relative to associative decisions activated the right posterior middle/inferior temporal gyrus; (ii) colour decisions relative to structural judgements were associated with a region in the right superior temporal gyrus; (iii) the associative decision task selectively activated the left anterior middle/superior temporal gyrus and temporal pole relative to both object structure and colour, and also the homologous right temporal pole relative to colour only. These results indicate that each type of stored knowledge involves at least partially distinct cortical areas, and suggest that both anterior/posterior and left/right temporal regions have specialised roles.
利用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）研究了在检索有关熟悉物体的结构、颜色和联想（百科全书式）方面的知识时颞叶区域的激活差异。使用匹配良好的任务对这三种类型的知识进行了对比，这些任务要求在一系列填色线条图中检测偶尔出现的异常物体（在三种情况下：由真实物体的部分组成的结构不正确的嵌合体；颜色不当的物体；现代世界中不存在的熟悉物体）。相对于静息基线状态，所有语义检索任务在枕叶和颞叶区域均产生广泛的双侧激活，在大脑腹侧表面向前延伸，以及右侧顶上叶的一个区域。在聚焦于颞叶的直接语义任务比较中：（i）结构判断相对于联想判断激活了右侧后颞中/下回；（ii）颜色判断相对于结构判断与右侧颞上回的一个区域相关；（iii）联想判断任务相对于物体结构和颜色均选择性地激活了左侧前颞中/上回和颞极，相对于颜色仅激活了右侧同源颞极。这些结果表明，每种类型的存储知识至少部分涉及不同的皮质区域，并表明前/后颞叶区域和左/右颞叶区域均具有特定作用。
