Strock Gregory A, Cottrell Erika R, Abang Anthony E, Buschbacher Ralph M, Hannon Tamara S
J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2005;15(1):15-32. doi: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.v15.i1.30.
The prevalence of childhood obesity is rising rapidly, as are the associated medical complications, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. This has significant medical and socioeconomic implications. The definition of obesity in adults is based on body mass index (BMI), which has been correlated with morbidity and mortality. Similarly, the definition of childhood obesity is currently based on BMI; however, there are currently no data to relate morbidity and mortality to BMI values in children. The known and potential causes of childhood obesity are many, but they can be categorized as genetic, endocrine, prenatal/early life, physical activity, diet, and socioeconomic. These factors influence the basic equation: energy input = energy output. Imbalances in this equation can result in obesity. Here we present a review of recent literature and highlight the etiologies, certain complications, and potential prevention and treatment strategies of childhood obesity.
儿童肥胖症的患病率正在迅速上升，与之相关的医学并发症，如2型糖尿病、高血压和冠心病等也在增加。这具有重大的医学和社会经济影响。成人肥胖的定义基于体重指数（BMI），该指数已与发病率和死亡率相关联。同样，儿童肥胖的定义目前也基于BMI；然而，目前尚无数据表明儿童的发病率和死亡率与BMI值之间的关系。儿童肥胖已知的和潜在的原因众多，但可分为遗传、内分泌、产前/生命早期、身体活动、饮食和社会经济等方面。这些因素影响着基本等式：能量摄入 = 能量输出。该等式的失衡会导致肥胖。在此，我们对近期文献进行综述，并着重介绍儿童肥胖症的病因、某些并发症以及潜在的预防和治疗策略。
