Hypochondriacal fears and beliefs, anxiety, and somatisation.

Four self-rating scales of hypochondriasis and the Symptom Checklist-90 were administered to 100 general practice (GP) patients and matched non-psychotic psychiatric out-patients. In a stepwise linear regression, self-rated somatic symptoms and anxiety predicted hypochondriacal fears and beliefs; self-rated depression did not appear as a predictor. There were differences between males and females and between psychiatric patients and GP patients in the associations of these constructs. These results varied in part with the scale of hypochondriasis used. Various scales of hypochondriasis appear to measure different features of the hypochondriasis syndrome. Fear of disease (disease phobia) was associated with anxiety, whereas a false belief of having a disease (disease conviction) was associated more with somatic symptoms.