Wanke Christine
Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Dec 1;37 Suppl 5:S277-9. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000144382.47468.34.
Weight loss is a negative prognostic indicator in patients infected with HIV. Mortality rates rise measurably with as little as 3-5% weight loss over 6 months. The sensitivity of this measure is at least partly due to the correlation between weight loss and a metabolic cachexia that has been observed with other infections, trauma, and some cancers. However, the cachexia in patients with HIV, commonly termed wasting, may also be due to, or exacerbated by, reduced caloric intake, gastrointestinal dysfunction, or metabolic abnormalities independent of abnormal energy expenditure. In patients with HIV wasting, therapies should be directed both at reversing the underlying source of protein energy malnutrition and at other factors that may be contributing to weight loss.
体重减轻是感染艾滋病毒患者的不良预后指标。在6个月内体重减轻仅3 - 5%，死亡率就会显著上升。这一指标的敏感性至少部分归因于体重减轻与代谢性恶病质之间的关联，这种关联在其他感染、创伤和某些癌症中也有观察到。然而，艾滋病毒患者的恶病质，通常称为消瘦，也可能是由于热量摄入减少、胃肠功能障碍或与异常能量消耗无关的代谢异常所致，或因这些因素而加剧。对于患有艾滋病毒消瘦症的患者，治疗应既针对扭转蛋白质能量营养不良的根本原因，也针对可能导致体重减轻的其他因素。
