Petersen Wesley O, Trapp Mary Alice, Sellers Thomas A, Nicometo Ann M, Kaur Judith S
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
J Cancer Educ. 2004 Winter;19(4):237-43. doi: 10.1207/s15430154jce1904_12.
Native American women have very poor 5-year breast and cervix cancer survival rates compared to other US population groups. We evaluated a training program that prepares community health representatives (CHRs) to promote prevention and early detection of these diseases. Two questions guided the evaluation: (1) Are CHRs an appropriate focus of training? and (2) Does training empower CHRs and, indirectly, their facilities to educate about breast and cervix cancer, promote screening, and teach breast self-exam skills to American Indian and Alaska Native women?
Twenty CHRs (3 Indian Health Service regions, 9 separate employers) responded to a telephone survey consisting of Likert scale and multiple option and short-answer questions. Analysis relied on descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency.
By tenure, cultural and community membership, and ability to adapt to audience needs and setting demands, CHRs make appropriate training recipients. Training improves skills and their use and appears to increase employers' reliance on CHRs for screening promotion and education about cancer. Posttraining, more women hear and heed the screening message.
CHRs are an appropriate focus of training. Training leads to increased screening-related activities and should be continued and expanded.
与美国其他人群相比，美国原住民女性的乳腺癌和宫颈癌5年生存率极低。我们评估了一个培训项目，该项目旨在让社区健康代表（CHRs）做好准备，以促进这些疾病的预防和早期发现。评估由两个问题指导：（1）社区健康代表是否是合适的培训对象？（2）培训是否能使社区健康代表以及间接使他们所在的机构有能力向美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民女性开展关于乳腺癌和宫颈癌的教育、促进筛查并教授乳房自我检查技能？
20名社区健康代表（来自3个印第安卫生服务地区，9个不同雇主）对一项电话调查做出了回应，该调查包括李克特量表、多项选择题和简答题。分析依赖于描述性统计和集中趋势度量。
从任期、文化和社区成员身份以及适应受众需求和环境要求的能力来看，社区健康代表是合适的培训对象。培训提高了技能及其运用，而且似乎增加了雇主对社区健康代表进行筛查推广和癌症教育的依赖。培训后，更多女性听到并听从了筛查信息。
社区健康代表是合适的培训对象。培训导致与筛查相关的活动增加，应继续并扩大培训。
