Wynd C A
College of Nursing, University of Akron, Ohio.
J Adv Nurs. 1992 Mar;17(3):294-302. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb01907.x.
Many ex-smokers fail to remain abstinent after the completion of a formal cessation programme, and relapse rates of 60% to 80% are common. Smokers identify stress as a major factor in relapse. Healthy coping skills are required to prevent a return to smoking. The effectiveness of relaxation imagery was investigated for reducing stress and prolonging abstinence in adult ex-smokers. Volunteer subjects (n = 76) were solicited after completing a local smoking cessation programme, and participants were randomly assigned to an experimental imagery group (n = 39) and to a control group (n = 37). Both groups met for a 3-month period, and experimental group members received instruction in imagery techniques. A 2 x 3 repeated-measures MANOVA with post hoc procedures demonstrated significant changes in variables over time, resulting in enhanced imagery effectiveness, reduced stress, and greater abstinence for the group receiving imagery training. Additionally, discriminant analysis revealed that higher stress and lower imagery effectiveness were prevalent in smoking recidivists. Results indicate that as guided relaxation imagery is learned and practised, effectiveness of imagery is increased, perceived stress is reduced, and smoking abstinence is maintained.
许多戒烟者在完成正规的戒烟计划后无法保持戒烟状态，复发率达60%至80%很常见。吸烟者认为压力是复发的主要因素。需要具备健康的应对技巧来防止重新吸烟。本研究调查了放松意象法在减轻成年戒烟者的压力及延长戒烟时间方面的有效性。在完成当地戒烟计划后招募了志愿者（n = 76），参与者被随机分为实验意象组（n = 39）和对照组（n = 37）。两组均为期3个月，实验组成员接受意象技巧指导。采用带有事后检验程序的2×3重复测量多变量方差分析表明，随着时间推移变量有显著变化，接受意象训练的组意象效果增强、压力减轻且戒烟情况更佳。此外，判别分析显示，复吸者普遍压力较高且意象效果较低。结果表明，随着引导性放松意象法的学习与实践，意象效果增强，感知压力减轻，戒烟状态得以维持。
