Oberleitner Lindsay M S, Moore Kelly E, Verplaetse Terril, Roberts Walter, McKee Sherry A
Department of Psychiatry.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2018 Jun;26(3):244-250. doi: 10.1037/pha0000187.
Stress plays a significant role in the maintenance of, and relapse to, smoking. The current study aims to develop a human laboratory model examining stress-precipitated tobacco lapse following brief nicotine deprivation. Daily smokers (N = 48; 50% female) who were nicotine deprived for 3 hr received a personalized imagery induction (stress or neutral, within-subject, counterbalanced) on 2 separate days. Following imagery induction, participants were instructed that they could smoke or receive monetary reinforcement ($0.25, $0.50, $1.00; between-subjects) for every 5 min they chose to delay tobacco self-administration during a 50-min delay period. After the delay period, participants engaged in a 1-hr ad libitum smoking period. Tobacco craving and mood were assessed throughout. The primary aim was to determine whether stress imagery would reduce the ability to resist following a brief nicotine deprivation in a laboratory setting. A secondary goal identified which level of monetary reinforcement highlighted the effect of stress on reduced ability to resist smoking (i.e., resisting ∼25 min of the 50-min window). Overall, stress versus neutral imagery decreased the ability to resist smoking, increased craving and negative mood states, decreased positive mood, but did not change ad libitum smoking. Increased monetary reinforcement increased the ability to resist smoking. Planned comparisons examining lapse behavior within each monetary condition demonstrated that $0.50 produced the only significant difference between stress and neutral imagery, demonstrating target model behavior. Findings highlight that stress negatively impacts smoking lapse behavior and can be effectively modeled in the human laboratory with a brief, 3-hr deprivation window. (PsycINFO Database Record
压力在维持吸烟行为及复吸方面起着重要作用。当前研究旨在建立一个人体实验室模型，以检验短暂尼古丁剥夺后压力引发的烟草复吸情况。每天吸烟的人（N = 48；50%为女性）在被剥夺尼古丁3小时后，在两个不同的日子接受个性化的意象诱导（压力或中性，受试者内设计，平衡处理）。意象诱导后，参与者被告知，在50分钟的延迟期内，他们每延迟5分钟进行烟草自我给药，就可以吸烟或获得金钱奖励（0.25美元、0.50美元、1.00美元；受试者间设计）。延迟期结束后，参与者进行1小时的自由吸烟期。在此过程中持续评估烟草渴望和情绪。主要目的是确定在实验室环境中，压力意象是否会降低短暂尼古丁剥夺后抵抗吸烟的能力。第二个目标是确定哪种金钱奖励水平凸显了压力对降低抵抗吸烟能力的影响（即，在50分钟的时间段内抵抗约25分钟）。总体而言，与中性意象相比，压力意象降低了抵抗吸烟的能力，增加了渴望和消极情绪状态，降低了积极情绪，但没有改变自由吸烟量。增加金钱奖励增强了抵抗吸烟的能力。在每个金钱奖励条件下对复吸行为进行的计划比较表明，0.50美元的奖励在压力意象和中性意象之间产生了唯一显著的差异，显示出目标模型行为。研究结果突出表明，压力对吸烟复吸行为有负面影响，并且可以通过一个短暂的、3小时的剥夺窗口在人体实验室中有效地进行模拟。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
