Steinhausen Hans-Christoph, Gavez Silvia, Winkler Metzke Christa
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Neumünsterallee 9/Post Box, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
Int J Eat Disord. 2005 Mar;37(2):119-26. doi: 10.1002/eat.20077.
The current study investigated psychosocial correlates of abnormal adolescent eating behavior at three times during adolescence and young adulthood and its association with psychiatric diagnosis in young adulthood in a community sample.
Sixty-four (10.5%) high-risk subjects (mean age 15 years) with abnormal eating behavior were identified at Time 1, another 252 (16.9%) were identified at Time 2 (mean age 16.2 years), and 164 (16.9%) were identified at Time 3 (mean age 19.7 years) and compared with three control groups matched for age and gender. Dependent measures included emotional and behavioral problems, life events, coping capacities, self-related cognition, social network, and family functions. Outcome was measured additionally by structured psychiatric interviews, and stability of abnormal eating behavior was studied in a longitudinal sample of 330 subjects.
Few subjects showed more than one of five criteria of abnormal eating behavior. High-risk subjects shared a very similar pattern at all three times. They were characterized by higher scores for emotional and behavioral problems, more life events including more negative impact, less active coping, lower self-esteem, and less family cohesion. Among 10 major psychiatric disorders, only clinical eating disorders at Time 3 shared a significant association with abnormal eating disorder at the same time whereas high-risk status at Times 1 and 2 did not predict any psychiatric disorder at Time 3. Stability of abnormal eating behavior across time was very low. Stability of abnormal eating behavior across time was very low.
Abnormal eating behavior in adolescence and young adulthood is clearly associated with various indicators of psychosocial maladaption. In adolescence, it does not significantly predict any psychiatric disorder including eating disorder in young adulthood and it is predominantly a transient feature.
本研究调查了青少年和青年期三个时间点异常青少年饮食行为的心理社会相关因素及其与青年期社区样本中精神疾病诊断的关联。
在第1阶段识别出64名（10.5%）有异常饮食行为的高危受试者（平均年龄15岁），在第2阶段识别出另外252名（16.9%）（平均年龄16.2岁），在第3阶段识别出164名（16.9%）（平均年龄19.7岁），并与按年龄和性别匹配的三个对照组进行比较。相关测量指标包括情绪和行为问题、生活事件、应对能力、自我相关认知、社会网络和家庭功能。此外，通过结构化精神访谈测量结果，并在330名受试者的纵向样本中研究异常饮食行为的稳定性。
很少有受试者表现出超过五项异常饮食行为标准中的一项。高危受试者在所有三个时间点都有非常相似的模式。他们的特点是情绪和行为问题得分较高，生活事件较多，包括更多负面影响，应对方式较消极，自尊心较低，家庭凝聚力较弱。在10种主要精神疾病中，只有第3阶段的临床饮食障碍与同一时间的异常饮食障碍有显著关联，而第1阶段和第2阶段的高危状态并不能预测第3阶段的任何精神疾病。异常饮食行为随时间的稳定性非常低。
青少年和青年期的异常饮食行为显然与心理社会适应不良的各种指标相关。在青少年期，它并不能显著预测包括青年期饮食障碍在内的任何精神疾病，且主要是一种短暂特征。
Zotero 插件