Turnley Ann M
Centre for Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar;16(2):53-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2005.01.006.
Growth hormone (GH) has numerous effects in the body and is most commonly known for its role in regulating metabolism and body growth. Because GH is involved in many aspects of cell function, its signaling is tightly controlled by several pathways at both the extracellular and intracellular level. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-2 (SOCS2) is one such intracellular regulator of GH signal transduction. Expression of SOCS2 is tightly regulated and alteration of its levels leads to marked abnormalities in metabolism and growth. Unexpectedly, GH and SOCS2 have been recently shown to regulate neural development, neural stem cell differentiation and neuronal growth -- functions that might have important therapeutic implications for both repairing nervous system injuries and treating neurological disease.
生长激素（GH）在体内具有多种作用，最为人熟知的是其在调节新陈代谢和身体生长方面的作用。由于GH参与细胞功能的多个方面，其信号传导在细胞外和细胞内水平均受到多种途径的严格控制。细胞因子信号转导抑制因子2（SOCS2）就是这样一种GH信号转导的细胞内调节因子。SOCS2的表达受到严格调控，其水平的改变会导致新陈代谢和生长方面的显著异常。出乎意料的是，最近研究表明GH和SOCS2可调节神经发育、神经干细胞分化和神经元生长——这些功能可能对修复神经系统损伤和治疗神经疾病具有重要的治疗意义。
