DePriest Paula T, Sikaroodi Masoumeh, Lawrey James D, Diederich Paul
Botany Section, United States National Herbarium, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA.
Mycol Res. 2005 Jan;109(Pt 1):57-70. doi: 10.1017/s0953756204001601.
The anamorphic basidiomycete genus Marchandiomyces presently includes two common lichenicolous (lichen-inhabiting) species, M. corallinus and M. aurantiacus (teleomorph Marchandiobasidium aurantiacum). We describe here a new species, M. lignicola sp. nov., that is similar to M. corallinus in the colour of its sclerotia, but differs in having a wood-inhabiting (lignicolous) habit. The phylogenetic position of this lignicolous fungus was compared with the lichenicolous species of Marchandiomyces and related species currently placed in the basidiomycetous families Corticiaceae and Ceratobasidiaceae using parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian analyses of complete sequences of the nuclear small subunit and internal transcribed spacers ribosomal DNA, and a portion of the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA. These DNA sequences were obtained from isolated cultures of freshly collected specimens. Significant Bayesian posterior probabilities, as well as maximum likelihood and parsimony analyses, indicate that the new lignicolous species is closely related to M. corallinus, the type species of Marchandiomyces. In most analyses these two species are monophyletic with the lichenicolous M. aurantiacus, although this relationship is not strongly supported. Since M. lignicola is more closely related to M. corallinus than to M. aurantiacus, either a transition to the lignicolous habit occurred recently within an ancestral lichenicolous group or, more likely, transition to the lichenicolous habit arose recently and in parallel from an ancestral lignicolous habit.
变形担子菌属Marchandiomyces目前包括两种常见的地衣寄生（栖居于地衣的）物种，即珊瑚状Marchandiomyces和橙色Marchandiomyces（有性型为橙色Marchandiobasidium）。我们在此描述一个新物种，木生Marchandiomyces，新种，其菌核颜色与珊瑚状Marchandiomyces相似，但不同之处在于具有木生（木质寄生）习性。使用核小亚基和内部转录间隔区核糖体DNA以及部分核大亚基核糖体DNA的完整序列，通过简约法、似然法和贝叶斯分析法，将这种木质寄生真菌的系统发育位置与Marchandiomyces的地衣寄生物种以及目前置于担子菌科革菌科和角担菌科的相关物种进行了比较。这些DNA序列是从新鲜采集标本的分离培养物中获得的。显著的贝叶斯后验概率以及最大似然法和简约法分析表明，这种新的木质寄生物种与Marchandiomyces的模式种珊瑚状Marchandiomyces密切相关。在大多数分析中，这两个物种与地衣寄生的橙色Marchandiomyces是单系的，尽管这种关系没有得到有力支持。由于木生Marchandiomyces与珊瑚状Marchandiomyces的关系比与橙色Marchandiomyces的关系更密切，要么是在一个祖先地衣寄生群体中最近发生了向木质寄生习性的转变，要么更有可能的是，最近从一个祖先木质寄生习性平行地出现了向地衣寄生习性的转变。
