Littauer Henrik, Sexton Hal, Wynn Rolf
Psychiatric Research Centre of Northern Norway, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2005 Mar;19(1):28-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2005.00315.x.
In this qualitative and phenomenological study we interviewed 36 clients following the second session of psychotherapy. We asked the clients about which therapist qualities they felt were important with regard to the therapist-client alliance. A possible change of therapist was also discussed. Behaving in a confidence-inspiring and calm manner were seen as good therapist qualities that could promote the client-therapist alliance. It was seen as important that the therapist was prepared and had a plan for therapy. The clients felt it was vital that therapists were accepting and understanding. The clients also emphasized the importance of the therapist balancing attentive listening with questioning and commenting. Many clients needed two sessions before a good connection was established. A smaller group felt that they achieved a good or very good connection with their therapists immediately, while a minority of patients had not obtained a good connection with their therapists after two sessions. None of the clients wished to change therapist, and clients had few negative comments about the therapists. The findings underline the importance of the nonspecific and interpersonal aspects of therapists' behaviour in the alliance-building process.
在这项定性和现象学研究中，我们在第二次心理治疗 session 后采访了36名来访者。我们询问来访者，他们认为治疗师的哪些特质对于治疗师 - 来访者联盟很重要。还讨论了治疗师可能的更换情况。以令人信赖和冷静的方式行事被视为能够促进治疗师 - 来访者联盟的良好治疗师特质。人们认为治疗师做好准备并有治疗计划很重要。来访者觉得治疗师接纳和理解至关重要。来访者还强调了治疗师在专注倾听与提问及评论之间取得平衡的重要性。许多来访者需要两次 session 才能建立良好的联系。一小部分人觉得他们立即与治疗师建立了良好或非常良好的联系，而少数患者在两次 session 后仍未与治疗师建立良好联系。没有来访者希望更换治疗师，并且来访者对治疗师的负面评价很少。研究结果强调了治疗师行为的非特异性和人际方面在联盟建立过程中的重要性。
