Terefe G, Yacob H T, Grisez C, Prevot F, Dumas E, Bergeaud J P, Dorchies Ph, Hoste H, Jacquiet P
Addis Ababa University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Debre Zeit, P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia.
Vet Parasitol. 2005 Mar 31;128(3-4):271-83. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.11.036.
Mixed parasitic infection of animals is a common phenomenon in nature. The existence of one species often positively or negatively influences the survival of the other. Our experimental study was started with the objectives to demonstrate the interaction of Haemonchus contortus and Oestrus ovis in relation to cellular and humoral immune responses in sheep. Twenty-two sheep of Tarasconnais breed (France) were divided into four groups (O, OH, H and C) of five or six animals. Group O and OH received 5 weekly consecutive inoculations with O. ovis L1 larvae (total = 82 L1) in the first phase of the experiment between days 0 and 28. On the second phase, groups OH and H received 5000 L3 of H. contortus on day 48 while group C served as our control throughout the experimental period. Parasitological, haematological, serological and histopathological examinations were made according to standard procedures and all animals were slaughtered at day 95. There was no significant variation in the number and degree of development of O. ovis larvae between the two infected groups. Furthermore, in tissues examined in the upper respiratory tract (nasal septum, turbinate, ethmoide and sinus), group O and OH has responded similarly on the basis of cellular inflammatory responses (blood and tissue eosinophils, mast cells and globule leucocytes (GL)) and serum antibody responses against the nasal bots. This may indicate that the presence of H. contortus in the abomasa of group OH had no marked influence over the development of O. ovis larvae in the upper respiratory tract. On the other hand, we have observed a significantly lower H. contortus female worm length, fecal egg count (FEC) and in utero egg count in animals harbouring the nasal bot (OH) than in the mono-infected group (H). This was significantly associated with higher blood eosinophilia, higher packed cell volume (PCV) and increased number of tissue eosinophils and globule leucocytes. We conclude that, the establishment of O. ovis larvae in the upper respiratory tract has initiated higher inflammatory cellular activity in group OH there by influencing the development and fecundity of H. contortus in the abomasum.
动物混合寄生虫感染是自然界中的常见现象。一种寄生虫的存在往往会对另一种寄生虫的生存产生积极或消极的影响。我们开展了一项实验研究，旨在证明捻转血矛线虫和羊狂蝇在绵羊细胞免疫和体液免疫反应方面的相互作用。将22只塔拉斯科奈斯品种（法国）的绵羊分为四组（O组、OH组、H组和C组），每组五只或六只。在实验的第一阶段（第0天至第28天），O组和OH组每周连续接种5次羊狂蝇L1幼虫（共82条L1）。在第二阶段，OH组和H组在第48天接种5000条捻转血矛线虫L3，而C组在整个实验期间作为对照组。按照标准程序进行寄生虫学、血液学、血清学和组织病理学检查，所有动物在第95天屠宰。两个感染组之间羊狂蝇幼虫的数量和发育程度没有显著差异。此外，在上呼吸道（鼻中隔、鼻甲、筛骨和鼻窦）检查的组织中，O组和OH组在细胞炎症反应（血液和组织嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞和球样白细胞（GL））以及针对鼻蝇蛆的血清抗体反应方面表现相似。这可能表明OH组皱胃中捻转血矛线虫的存在对上呼吸道中羊狂蝇幼虫的发育没有显著影响。另一方面，我们观察到，感染鼻蝇蛆的动物（OH组）体内捻转血矛线虫雌虫长度、粪便虫卵计数（FEC）和子宫内虫卵计数显著低于单感染组（H组）。这与更高的血液嗜酸性粒细胞增多、更高的红细胞压积（PCV）以及组织嗜酸性粒细胞和球样白细胞数量增加显著相关。我们得出结论，上呼吸道中羊狂蝇幼虫的定植引发了OH组更高的炎症细胞活性，从而影响了皱胃中捻转血矛线虫的发育和繁殖力。
