Lin Yao, Böker Alexander, He Jinbo, Sill Kevin, Xiang Hongqi, Abetz Clarissa, Li Xuefa, Wang Jin, Emrick Todd, Long Su, Wang Qian, Balazs Anna, Russell Thomas P
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Nature. 2005 Mar 3;434(7029):55-9. doi: 10.1038/nature03310.
The organization of inorganic nanostructures within self-assembled organic or biological templates is receiving the attention of scientists interested in developing functional hybrid materials. Previous efforts have concentrated on using such scaffolds to spatially arrange nanoscopic elements as a strategy for tailoring the electrical, magnetic or photonic properties of the material. Recent theoretical arguments have suggested that synergistic interactions between self-organizing particles and a self-assembling matrix material can lead to hierarchically ordered structures. Here we show that mixtures of diblock copolymers and either cadmium selenide- or ferritin-based nanoparticles exhibit cooperative, coupled self-assembly on the nanoscale. In thin films, the copolymers assemble into cylindrical domains, which dictate the spatial distribution of the nanoparticles; segregation of the particles to the interfaces mediates interfacial interactions and orients the copolymer domains normal to the surface, even when one of the blocks is strongly attracted to the substrate. Organization of both the polymeric and particulate entities is thus achieved without the use of external fields, opening a simple and general route for fabrication of nanostructured materials with hierarchical order.
在自组装有机或生物模板内构建无机纳米结构，正受到那些致力于开发功能性杂化材料的科学家们的关注。此前的研究工作主要集中在利用此类支架在空间上排列纳米级元素，以此作为调整材料电学、磁学或光学性质的一种策略。最近的理论观点表明，自组织粒子与自组装基质材料之间的协同相互作用能够导致形成层次有序的结构。在此我们展示，二嵌段共聚物与基于硒化镉或铁蛋白的纳米粒子的混合物在纳米尺度上呈现出协同的、耦合的自组装。在薄膜中，共聚物组装成圆柱形区域，这决定了纳米粒子的空间分布；粒子向界面的偏析介导了界面相互作用，并使共聚物区域垂直于表面取向，即便其中一个嵌段与基底有强烈的吸引力。因此，无需外部场就能实现聚合物和颗粒实体的有序排列，为制备具有层次结构的纳米结构材料开辟了一条简单而通用的途径。
