Msefer Souad, Taleb Wafae, Naji Jamaleddine
Souad Msefer 5390, avenue Decelles, Appartement 2, Montréal H3T 1V9 Québec Canada.
Sante. 2004 Oct-Dec;14(4):231-7.
The objective of any health education program is to inculcate healthy life habits to improve the health status of the target population. The evaluation of an oral hygiene health education program for Moroccan schoolchildren implemented a decade ago by oral surgeons does not reveal any improvement of their dental health. To understand the obstacles to the acquisition of good oral hygiene habits, we conducted a qualitative survey of knowledge, attitude, and practices, based on semi-directive interviews with focus groups of children who had participated in the program. The results show that social and cultural determinants play an important role in the lack of impact of these programs and that Bourdieu's theory of action should be applied to understand the processes by which living conditions affect individuals'practices. Thus to inculcate healthy lifestyle habits, an ecological approach that takes into consideration the social, cultural, and economic environment is most likely to induce the emergence of favourable social conditions.
任何健康教育项目的目标都是灌输健康的生活习惯，以改善目标人群的健康状况。十年前口腔外科医生为摩洛哥学童实施的口腔卫生健康教育项目评估显示，他们的牙齿健康并未得到任何改善。为了了解养成良好口腔卫生习惯的障碍，我们基于对参与该项目的儿童焦点小组进行的半指导性访谈，对知识、态度和行为进行了定性调查。结果表明，社会和文化因素在这些项目缺乏成效方面起着重要作用，应该应用布迪厄的行动理论来理解生活条件影响个人行为的过程。因此，为了灌输健康的生活方式习惯，一种考虑到社会、文化和经济环境的生态方法最有可能促使有利的社会条件出现。
