Chin M Y, Kreutzer R A, Dyer J E
California Department of Health Services, Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology Branch, Emeryville 94608.
West J Med. 1992 Apr;156(4):380-4.
We report a series of 5 representative patients in California who experienced adverse reactions from the illicitly marketed substance gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). The drug is a putative neurotransmitter marketed as a growth hormone releaser for bodybuilders. The most commonly reported symptoms included abrupt drowsiness, dizziness, and a "high". Other effects were headache, nausea, vomiting, myoclonic jerking, and short-term coma. There have been no reported deaths. If product use is discontinued, full recovery with no long-term side effects is universal. No clear dose-response effect was observed; this may be attributable to differences in susceptibility, wide variations in doses taken by the same person, or the coingestion of other substances. Case interviews confirm that, despite being banned by the US Food and Drug Administration, GHB is still widely available in the underground drug market. Athletes and bodybuilders may take drugs for which there are claims of improved performance or body image. Physicians should be alert for signs of GHB poisoning in emergency department and clinic patients.
我们报告了加利福尼亚州5例有代表性的患者，他们因非法销售的物质γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）而出现不良反应。该药物被认为是一种神经递质，作为肌肉增强剂以生长激素释放剂的名义销售。最常报告的症状包括突然嗜睡、头晕和“兴奋感”。其他影响包括头痛、恶心、呕吐、肌阵挛性抽搐和短期昏迷。尚无死亡报告。如果停止使用该产品，普遍会完全康复且无长期副作用。未观察到明确的剂量反应效应；这可能归因于易感性差异、同一人服用剂量的广泛变化或同时摄入其他物质。病例访谈证实，尽管被美国食品药品监督管理局禁止，但GHB在地下毒品市场仍广泛可得。运动员和健身者可能会服用声称能提高成绩或改善体型的药物。医生在急诊科和门诊患者中应警惕GHB中毒的迹象。
