Lankster Marcia A, Brasfield Milton Stanhope
Bryan W. Whitfield Memorial Hospital, 105 Highway 80 East, PO Box 890, Demopolis, AL 36732, USA.
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2005 Mar;17(1):59-64, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2004.09.008.
Accidents are a leading cause of death for children in several nations. Motor vehicle accidents are among the most common causes of cardiac arrest. Other causes include drowning, burns, gunshot wounds, poisoning, smoke inhalation, and airway obstruction caused by asphyxiation from foreign bodies. Approximately 50% to 65% of children who require cardiopulmonary resuscitation are younger than 1 year of age, with most being younger than 6 months of age. To prevent loss and improve quality of life, it is imperative to initiate measures to improve oxygenation and treat cardiac dysfunction. Guidelines for the management of life-threatening emergencies in infants and children are internationally similar but not identical. The Australian Resuscitation Council, the American Heart Association, and the European Resuscitation Council current guidelines all have some basic essential techniques for management of pediatric emergencies.
在一些国家，意外事故是儿童死亡的主要原因。机动车事故是心脏骤停最常见的原因之一。其他原因包括溺水、烧伤、枪伤、中毒、吸入烟雾以及异物窒息导致的气道阻塞。需要进行心肺复苏的儿童中，约50%至65%年龄小于1岁，大多数小于6个月。为防止生命损失并提高生活质量，必须采取措施改善氧合并治疗心脏功能障碍。婴儿和儿童危及生命的紧急情况管理指南在国际上相似但不完全相同。澳大利亚复苏委员会、美国心脏协会和欧洲复苏委员会的现行指南都有一些基本的小儿急救管理技术。
