Ros M, Hernandez M T, Garcia C, Bernal A, Pascual J A
Department of Soil Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del segura (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
J Appl Microbiol. 2005;98(4):845-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02508.x.
The biopesticide effect of four green composts against fusarium wilt in melon plants and the effect of soil quality in soils amended with composts were assayed.
The composts consisted of pruning wastes, with or without addition of coffee wastes (3/1 and 4/1, dry wt/dry wt) or urea (1000/1, dry wt/dry wt). In vitro experiments suggested the biopesticide effect of the composts against Fusarium oxysporum, while only the compost of pine bark and urea (1000/1dry wt/dry wt) had an abiotic effect. Melon plant growth with composts and F. oxysporum was one to four times greater than in the non-amended soil, although there was no significant decrease in the level of the F. oxysporum in the soil. The addition of composts to the soil also improved its biological quality, as assessed by microbiological and biochemical parameters: ATP and hydrolases involved in the P (phosphatase), C (beta-glucosidase) and N (urease) cycles.
Green composts had greater beneficial characteristics, improved plant growth and controlled fusarium wilt in melon plants. These composts improve the soil quality of semi-arid agricultural soils.
Biotic and abiotic factors from composts have been tested as responsible of their biopesticide activity against fusarium wilt.
测定四种绿色堆肥对甜瓜植株枯萎病的生物防治效果以及堆肥改良土壤的土壤质量效应。
堆肥由修剪废弃物组成，添加或不添加咖啡渣（3/1和4/1，干重/干重）或尿素（1000/1，干重/干重）。体外实验表明堆肥对尖孢镰刀菌具有生物防治效果，而只有松树皮和尿素（1000/1干重/干重）的堆肥具有非生物效应。使用堆肥和尖孢镰刀菌处理的甜瓜植株生长量比未改良土壤中的植株大1至4倍，尽管土壤中尖孢镰刀菌的水平没有显著降低。通过微生物和生化参数评估，向土壤中添加堆肥还改善了其生物学质量：参与磷（磷酸酶）、碳（β-葡萄糖苷酶）和氮（脲酶）循环的ATP和水解酶。
绿色堆肥具有更有益的特性，能促进甜瓜植株生长并控制枯萎病。这些堆肥改善了半干旱农业土壤的土壤质量。
已测试堆肥中的生物和非生物因素对枯萎病的生物防治活性的作用。
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