Department of Soil Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 May;101(10):3718-23. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.102. Epub 2010 Jan 21.
Two citrus composts (C1: composed of 40% citrus wastes, 20% sludge obtained from a citrus industry waste-water treatment facility and 40% green residues; C2: composed of 60% citrus wastes and 40% green residues, and no sludge) and their water extracts amended with Trichodermaharzianum T-78 (T. harzianum T-78) were assayed in order to verify if these composts could act as a partial substitute for peat-based growing media as well as enhance suppressiveness against Fusarium wilt in the production of melon (Cucumismelo L.) seedlings at greenhouse nurseries. Over a 43-day growth cycle of melon seedlings, measurements were taken of the nutriactive effect (the capability of a substrate to express additional and/or synergistic nutritional and biostimulating effects), the pathogen incidence (percentage of fresh weight loss of melon plants grown on treatments infected with Fusariumoxysporum with respect to the same treatment without inoculation of the phytopathogen) and the trend of the T.harzianum T-78 population. A nutriactive effect was observed in the tested citrus compost-based growing media (96% and 112% plant weight increase with respect to peat for C1Th and C2Th, respectively). Pathogen incidence was significantly lower in C2Th than peat (12% compared to 33%), while no difference was observed in C1Th. The T.harzianum T-78 population showed a significant decrease at the first sampling time compared to the initial quantity (from 10(6) to 10(5)CFUg(-1)), but later recovered over time. These results demonstrate that the combination of citrus compost and T.harzianum T-78 can be a viable alternative to peat and can minimise the application of chemicals necessary to control Fusarium wilt in greenhouse nurseries for melon seedling production.
两种柑橘堆肥（C1：由 40%的柑橘废物、20%来自柑橘工业废水处理设施的污泥和 40%的绿色残渣组成；C2：由 60%的柑橘废物和 40%的绿色残渣组成，且不含污泥）及其用水提取物添加哈茨木霉 T-78（T. harzianum T-78）进行了测试，以验证这些堆肥是否可以作为基于泥炭的生长介质的部分替代品，并增强对温室苗圃中瓜类幼苗枯萎病的抑制作用。在瓜类幼苗 43 天的生长周期中，测量了营养效果（基质表达额外和/或协同营养和生物刺激作用的能力）、病原菌发生率（在接种病原菌的处理中，感染尖孢镰刀菌的瓜类植物的鲜重损失百分比与未接种病原菌的同一处理相比）和哈茨木霉 T-78 种群的趋势。在所测试的基于柑橘堆肥的生长介质中观察到了营养效果（与泥炭相比，C1Th 和 C2Th 的植物重量分别增加了 96%和 112%）。病原菌发生率在 C2Th 中明显低于泥炭（12%对 33%），而在 C1Th 中没有差异。与初始数量相比，哈茨木霉 T-78 种群在第一次采样时数量明显减少（从 10(6)减少到 10(5)CFUg(-1)），但后来随着时间的推移恢复。这些结果表明，柑橘堆肥和哈茨木霉 T-78 的组合可以替代泥炭，并且可以最大限度地减少温室苗圃中用于控制瓜类幼苗枯萎病所需的化学品的应用。
