Aheto Denis Worlanyo, Gbesemete Kwame Prosper
Eco-Ethics International Union-Ghana-Rural Entrepreneur Development Foundation (EEIU-Ghana-REDEF), P.O. Box 343, Nsawam, Ghana.
Health Policy. 2005 Apr;72(1):25-40. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.06.013.
The paper compares rural perspectives in Thailand and Ghana on the level of condom acceptance in sexual relations, willingness to test oneself for HIV before and in marriage and sources of information on HIV/AIDS. We also compared the policy approaches to combating HIV/AIDS in both countries. The results indicates that in the villages studied in Thailand, all single men and the majority of the single women were in favour of using condoms in sexual relations. This group also showed a positive attitude to HIV/AIDS test before and in marriage. However, married men in rural Thailand disapproved of the use of condoms with their wives but married women in the sample population were open to the possibility of using condoms. Both married men and women were strongly against HIV/AIDS test in marriage. In contrast to Thailand, most single men in the communities studied in Ghana showed a disapproval to the use of condoms in sexual relations. However, they condoned HIV test before marriage. Married men and women in rural Ghana were against the use of condoms in sexual relations as well as HIV/AIDS test in marriage. In order to mitigate mother-to-child transmission, the Thais applied anti-retroviral drug care for HIV positive pregnant women during pregnancy and after delivery. In Ghana on the other hand, pregnant women were subject to HIV test and counselling. The mode of information acquisition on HIV/AIDS in both countries were through the media, campaigns and village volunteers. Finally, we observed that fighting poverty is a sine qua non for the success of any HIV/AIDS eradication programme.
本文比较了泰国和加纳农村地区在性关系中对避孕套的接受程度、婚前和婚后进行HIV自我检测的意愿以及HIV/AIDS信息来源的观点。我们还比较了两国防治HIV/AIDS的政策方法。结果表明，在泰国研究的村庄中，所有单身男性和大多数单身女性都赞成在性关系中使用避孕套。这一群体对婚前和婚后的HIV/AIDS检测也持积极态度。然而，泰国农村的已婚男性不赞成与妻子使用避孕套，但样本中的已婚女性对使用避孕套持开放态度。已婚男性和女性都强烈反对在婚姻中进行HIV/AIDS检测。与泰国不同，加纳研究社区中的大多数单身男性不赞成在性关系中使用避孕套。然而，他们容忍婚前HIV检测。加纳农村的已婚男性和女性都反对在性关系中使用避孕套以及在婚姻中进行HIV/AIDS检测。为了减轻母婴传播，泰国在HIV阳性孕妇孕期和产后为其提供抗逆转录病毒药物治疗。另一方面，在加纳，孕妇要接受HIV检测和咨询。两国获取HIV/AIDS信息的方式都是通过媒体、宣传活动和乡村志愿者。最后，我们观察到消除贫困是任何HIV/AIDS根除计划成功的必要条件。
