K+ currents activated by depolarization in cardiac fibroblasts.

K(+) currents expressed in freshly dispersed rat ventricular fibroblasts have been studied using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Depolarizing voltage steps from a holding potential of -90 mV activated time- and voltage-dependent outward currents at membrane potentials positive to approximately -30 mV. The relatively slow activation kinetics exhibited strong dependence on the membrane potential. Selected changes in extracellular K(+) concentration (K(+)) revealed that the reversal potentials of the tail currents changed as expected for a K(+) equilibrium potential. The activation and inactivation kinetics of this K(+) current, as well as its recovery from inactivation, were well-fitted by single exponential functions. The steady-state inactivation was well described by a Boltzmann function with a half-maximal inactivation potential (V(0.5)) of -24 mV. Increasing K(+) (from 5 to 100 mM) shifted this V(0.5) in the hyperpolarizing direction by -11 mV. Inactivation was slowed by increasing K(+) to 100 mM, and the rate of recovery from inactivation was decreased after increasing K(+). Block of this K(+) current by extracellular tetraethylammonium also slowed inactivation. These K(+)-induced changes and tetraethylammonium effects suggest an important role for a C-type inactivation mechanism. This K(+) current was sensitive to dendrotoxin-I (100 nM) and rTityustoxin Kalpha (50 nM).