Engel C, Greim B, Zettl U K
Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie der Universität Rostock.
Nervenarzt. 2005 Aug;76(8):943-4, 946-8, 951-3. doi: 10.1007/s00115-005-1901-1.
Cognitive dysfunctions are frequent symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and occur in up to 65% of patients. Especially memory, attention, executive and visual constructive functions are impaired. These problems strongly affect patients' ability to work, social relationships, and quality of life. Symptoms of physical disabilities can arise independently. Cognitive dysfunctions are clear indicators of MS progression, since they represent highly complex functions depending on the integrity of neuronal networks. Once manifested after a relapse, they remain stable. Given a differentiating diagnosis, it is possible to treat these dysfunctions by cognitive training and pharmacologically for example by immunomodulating drugs. However, treatment options are limited at present. This report provides a detailed description of cognitive functions and performance in MS patients, their comorbidities such as fatigue and depression, currently available diagnostic tools, and therapeutic options.
认知功能障碍是多发性硬化症（MS）的常见症状，多达65%的患者会出现。尤其是记忆、注意力、执行功能和视觉构建功能会受到损害。这些问题严重影响患者的工作能力、社会关系和生活质量。身体残疾症状可能会独立出现。认知功能障碍是MS病情进展的明确指标，因为它们代表高度复杂的功能，依赖于神经网络的完整性。一旦在复发后出现，它们就会保持稳定。在做出鉴别诊断后，可以通过认知训练和药物治疗（例如通过免疫调节药物）来治疗这些功能障碍。然而，目前治疗选择有限。本报告详细描述了MS患者的认知功能和表现、他们的合并症（如疲劳和抑郁）、目前可用的诊断工具以及治疗选择。
