Hegedüs Katalin, Kárpáti Judit, Szombathelyi Éva, Simó Magdolna
Semmelweis Egyetem, Neurológiai Klinika, Budapest, Hungary.
Neuropsychopharmacol Hung. 2015 Mar;17(1):31-6.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neuroimmunological disease. In addition to its somatic symptoms, fatigue, mood disorder (depression) and cognitive impairment can be detected. Cognitive impairment significantly affects social relationships, work capacity, quality of life independently of disability.
The aim of our research is to analyse the complex relationship between depression, manifestation of which occurs more often in MS compared to normal population, and cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis.
Forty participants (sixteen men, twenty-four women) are MS patients of the Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University. Control group included forty-two age-, gender-, and education-matched subjects (sixteen men, twenty-six women). Patients were screened using MMSE; and verbal learning, visual information processing, attention, short-term and long-term memory were tested. Depression was also assessed.
In multiple sclerosis learning, long-term verbal memory and short-term visuospatial memory were impaired compared to control group. Working memory, information processing and attention were found to be intact. Depression scores of MS patients were significantly higher than those of the normal population. Regarding the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment, negative correlation was found between mood and short-term visuospatial memory.
Results of our research reflect the findings of clinical studies whereas short-term and long-term memory excluding working memory can be impaired in multiple sclerosis. Because of incidence of depression and fatigue and the important role of psychological factors in quality of life, more detailed analysis of the relationship between mood, fatigue and cognitive impairment would be required which is planned in the future.
多发性硬化症（MS）是最常见的神经免疫性疾病。除了躯体症状外，还可检测到疲劳、情绪障碍（抑郁）和认知障碍。认知障碍显著影响社会关系、工作能力和生活质量，且与残疾无关。
我们研究的目的是分析抑郁症（其在MS患者中的发生率高于正常人群）与多发性硬化症患者认知功能之间的复杂关系。
40名参与者（16名男性，24名女性）为塞梅尔维斯大学神经病学系的MS患者。对照组包括42名年龄、性别和教育程度匹配的受试者（16名男性，26名女性）。使用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）对患者进行筛查；并测试了言语学习、视觉信息处理、注意力、短期和长期记忆。还评估了抑郁情况。
与对照组相比，多发性硬化症患者在学习、长期言语记忆和短期视觉空间记忆方面受损。工作记忆、信息处理和注意力未受影响。MS患者的抑郁评分显著高于正常人群。关于抑郁与认知障碍之间的关系，情绪与短期视觉空间记忆之间存在负相关。
我们的研究结果反映了临床研究的发现，即多发性硬化症患者除工作记忆外的短期和长期记忆可能受损。由于抑郁症和疲劳的发生率以及心理因素在生活质量中的重要作用，需要对情绪、疲劳和认知障碍之间的关系进行更详细的分析，这将在未来进行规划。
