Dogramaci Mahmut, Mayo Z B, Wright Robert J, Reese John C
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2005 Feb;98(1):202-9. doi: 10.1093/jee/98.1.202.
Interactions of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) and the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), on greenbug-resistant 'Cargill 607E' (antibiosis), 'Cargill 797' (primarily tolerance), and -susceptible 'Golden Harvest 510B' sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, were tested using three levels of biotype I greenbug infestation. The parasitoid infestation rate was 0.5 female and 1.0 male L. testaceipes per plant. For all three greenbug infestation levels, the parasitoid brought the greenbug under control (i.e., prevented the greenbugs from killing the plants) on both resistant hybrids, but it did not prevent heavy leaf damage at the higher greenbug infestation rates. At the low greenbug infestation rate (50 greenbugs per resistant plant when parasitoids were introduced), greenbugs damaged 5 and 18% of the total leaf area on 'Cargill 797' and 'Cargill 607E', respectively, before greenbugs were eliminated. Leaf damage was higher for the intermediate infestation study (120 greenbugs per plant), 21% and 30% leaf area were damaged on the resistant sorghum hybrids 'Cargill 797' and 'Cargill 607E', respectively. At the high greenbug infestation rate (300 greenbugs per plant), heavy damage occurred: 61% on 'Cargill 607E' and 75% on 'Cargill 797'. The parasitoids did not control greenbugs on the susceptible sorghum hybrid 'Golden Harvest 510B'. L. testaceipes provided comparable control on both greenbug-resistant hybrids. This study supports previous studies indicating that L. testaceipes is effective in controlling greenbugs on sorghum with antibiosis resistance to greenbugs. Furthermore, new information is provided indicating that L. testaceipes is also effective in controlling greenbugs on a greenbug-tolerant hybrid.
在三种不同水平的生物型I麦二叉蚜侵染情况下，对寄生蜂淡足侧沟茧蜂（Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson)）与麦二叉蚜（Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)）在抗麦二叉蚜的‘嘉吉607E’（抗生性）、‘嘉吉797’（主要是耐害性）以及感虫的‘金色丰收510B’高粱（Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench）上的相互作用进行了测试。寄生蜂的侵染率为每株植物0.5只雌蜂和1.0只雄蜂。对于所有三种麦二叉蚜侵染水平，寄生蜂在两种抗性杂交种上都控制住了麦二叉蚜（即防止麦二叉蚜杀死植株），但在较高的麦二叉蚜侵染率下，它并不能防止严重的叶片损伤。在低麦二叉蚜侵染率（引入寄生蜂时，每株抗性植物上有50只麦二叉蚜）下，在麦二叉蚜被消灭之前，‘嘉吉797’和‘嘉吉607E’上的麦二叉蚜分别损害了总叶面积的5%和18%。在中等侵染研究（每株植物120只麦二叉蚜）中，叶片损伤更高，抗性高粱杂交种‘嘉吉797’和‘嘉吉607E’上分别有21%和30%的叶面积受到损害。在高麦二叉蚜侵染率（每株植物300只麦二叉蚜）下，出现了严重损害：‘嘉吉607E’上为61%，‘嘉吉797’上为75%。寄生蜂在感虫的高粱杂交种‘金色丰收510B’上未能控制住麦二叉蚜。淡足侧沟茧蜂在两种抗麦二叉蚜杂交种上提供了相当的控制效果。本研究支持了先前的研究，表明淡足侧沟茧蜂在控制对麦二叉蚜具有抗生性的高粱上的麦二叉蚜方面是有效的。此外，还提供了新的信息，表明淡足侧沟茧蜂在控制耐麦二叉蚜杂交种上的麦二叉蚜方面也是有效的。
