Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal Univ of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil.
Entomology Dept, Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Neotrop Entomol. 2020 Oct;49(5):745-757. doi: 10.1007/s13744-020-00775-w. Epub 2020 May 22.
Interactions between different pest control methods can affect Integrated Pest Management efficiency. This study sought to evaluate (1) if Si accumulation is related to the level of constitutive resistance in sorghum genotypes, (2) the level of Si induces resistance by antibiosis in sorghum genotypes with different levels of constitutive resistance to Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (reared individualized or in colonies), and (3) the fitness of Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) in aphids reared on Si-treated and untreated plants. Several experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions, using sorghum genotypes with different levels of resistance grown in pots with or without the addition of Si to the soil. The susceptible (BR007B), moderately resistant (GB3B), and highly resistant (TX430XGR111) genotypes all absorbed more Si when it was added to the soil compared with when it was not amended. However, the final Si content of treated plants was not related to the level of constitutive resistance among treated genotypes. While Si soil application did reduce the fecundity of individualized aphids reared on the susceptible and moderately resistant sorghum plants, it did not reduce populational growth of aphid colonies, independent of the level of plant's constitutive resistance. Parasitoid (L. testaceipes) had higher weight when reared from aphids fed on plants with added Si. Sorghum × constitutive resistance × S. graminum interactions were affected by plant Si content only for individualized aphids but not for aphid colonies. Sorghum × S. graminum × L. testaceipes interactions suggest that Si can have, overall, a positive effect on the biological control of S. graminum.
不同防治方法的相互作用会影响综合虫害管理的效率。本研究旨在评估：(1)硅的积累是否与高粱基因型的组成型抗性水平有关；(2)硅通过抗生性诱导不同组成型抗条叶甲（Rondani）（个体饲养或群体饲养）水平的高粱基因型的抗性的程度；(3)在施硅和未施硅的植物上饲养的麦二叉蚜茧蜂（Cresson）的适合度。在温室条件下进行了几项实验，使用不同抗性水平的高粱基因型在带或不带硅的土壤中种植在盆中。与未添加硅的对照相比，添加硅到土壤中时，易感（BR007B）、中度抗性（GB3B）和高抗性（TX430XGR111）基因型的植物吸收更多的硅。然而，处理植物的最终硅含量与处理基因型之间的组成型抗性水平无关。虽然硅的土壤施用确实降低了在易感和中度抗性高粱植株上饲养的个体蚜虫的繁殖力，但它并没有降低蚜虫种群的生长，而与植物组成型抗性水平无关。当饲养从喂食添加硅的植物的蚜虫时，寄生蜂（麦二叉蚜茧蜂）的体重更高。高粱×组成型抗性×条叶甲的相互作用仅受个体蚜虫而不受蚜虫种群的植物硅含量的影响。高粱×条叶甲×麦二叉蚜茧蜂的相互作用表明，硅总体上可以对条叶甲的生物防治产生积极影响。
